The Effects of Submandibularectomy on the Thymus and T-cell System of Mice

Letic-Gavrilovic, Anka; Radojicić, C; Abe, Kimio

doi:10.1177/00220345890680080801

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Removal of the SMG in rodents is followed by alterations of testicular and T-cell function as well as by a decrease in spleen and thymus weight (Boyer et al 1986;Letić-Gavrilović et al 1989). In view of reports on unspecific stress effects (Selye 1973;Basketter et al1995) the short-lived change in the thymus weight in our studies obviously results from a temporary nutritional defecit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

2-Acetylaminofluorene-produced selective cytotoxic damage of a ductal compartment and its repair in the submandibular gland of rats

Danz

Sänger

Friedrichsen

et al. 1997

Cell and Tissue Research

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Salivary glands of rodents are rarely affected with spontaneous and induced malignancies. This may be linked with low physiologic cell renewal and the infrequency of cytolethal actions by xenobiotics. The genotoxic 2-acetylaminofluorene, carcinogenic for other organs, causes acute damage in salivary ducts. In the submandibular glands the damage is limited to the granulated convoluted tubules. They produce and release regulatory peptides including epidermal growth factor and nerve growth factor. The partial chemical sialoadenectomy is repaired by sequential cell proliferation in the basal cell layer of interlobular ducts and in dilated intralobular ducts (day 4 and 6), in intermediate duct-like structures (day 6 and 8), and lastly in acini (day 8 and 12). This is associated with a transient loss of structural characteristics of striated ducts and acini (up to day 6) and of the immunoreactivity for S-100 protein (up to day 4). Actin immunoreactivity at the acinar base is increased from day 6 to 20. Analogous to the late postnatal differentiation of the granulated convoluted tubules, their structural characteristics and immunoreactivity for epidermal growth factor do not recover within 20 days. The acute lesion of the endocrine ductal segment is suggested to be causally involved with other systemic effects following treatment with 2-acetylaminofluorene. First, hypophagia with loss of body, liver and thymus weight may result from disturbed saliva production. Second, previous studies have shown a mitotic burst of the biliary epithelium and bloodborne lymphocyte-stimulating activities. Either effect could be brought about by regulatory peptides (see above), probably after elevated circulatory release from necrotic granulated convoluted tubules.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

2-Acetylaminofluorene-produced selective cytotoxic damage of a ductal compartment and its repair in the submandibular gland of rats

Danz

Sänger

Friedrichsen

et al. 1997

Cell and Tissue Research

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“…Extracts from male SMG induced a significant retardation of skin allograft rejection (7) and suppression of both the antibody and the DTH responses (45,93). Increased immune activity was observed in syalectomized animals and the immunosuppressive effect of extracts was confirmed (93)(94)(95)(96)(97). In our laboratory it was revealed that one of the immunosuppressive factors produced by the SMG of male rats is identical with TGF-(3 (98).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Immunoregulation by the salivary glands

Sabbadini

Berczi

1998

Biomedical Reviews

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• The evidence for the integration of the submandibiilar gland (SMG) into the neuroimmiinoregulatory network is reviewed. In laboratory rodents, factors extracted from the SMG were shown to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation, to affect the weight of the thymus, spleen and lymph nodes and to induce immunosuppression in several in vivo and in vitro mo dels. The SMG produces significant amount of nerve growth factor (NGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-/3, and kallikreins. These factors are secreted into the saliva and affect immune and mitcosal tissues and nerve endings in the gastrointestinal tract. They may thus play a role in the regulation of mucosal immune/inflammatory re sponses. The major salivary glands also produce antimicro bial proteins and secretory IgA antibodies which are essen tial factors in mucosal host defence. SMG-derivedNGF, EGF and glandular kallikrein are delivered into the bloodstream where they may act as important systemic immunoregulators and exert regulatory influences on the neuroendocrine system. Growth hormone, prolactin, androgens, thyroid hormone and corticosteroids regulate protein synthesis in the SMG, where as secretory activity is regulated by sympathetic, parasympathetic and peptidergic nerve fibres. Steroid hormones and cytokines as interleukin-la,-1(3 , tumor necrosis factor-a , interferon-y have major regulatory influence on protein secretion, including the secretion ofimmunoglobulin into the saliva. The SMG interacts with the mucosal and svstemic compartments of the immune system, with the central and

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