The effects of sulfur fumigation processing on Panacis Quinquefolii Radix in chemical profile, immunoregulation and liver and kidney injury

Jiang, Jun; Xiao, Shichang; Yan, Shu; Zhang, Jinxuan; Xu, Ximing

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2019.112377

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…PQR could also prevent premature ovarian failure by regulating prostaglandin biosynthesis and ovulation (Zhu et al, 2015), and promote penile erection by directly inducing dilation and relaxation of penile cavernous vessels (Murphy and Lee, 2002). In addition, PQR has the effects of anti-radiation (Liao et al, 2019), protecting liver and kidney (Jiang et al, 2020), strengthening the function of spleen and stomach (Gao et al, 1998;Long et al, 2019), anti-fatigue (Chang et al, 2018),and so on. However, previous scholars have seldom studied these pharmacological effects of PQR, and future scholars can further study its pharmacodynamic components, action targets and mechanism, so as to enrich the clinical practice of PQR.…”

Section: Othermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical studies have shown that PQR contains active components such as saponins (Wang M. Y. et al, 2020), polysaccharides (Zhai et al, 2015), flavonoids (Zhen, 2012), fatty acids, polyalkynes (Fujimoto et al, 1991), sterols, volatile oils (Liu X. F. et al, 2016) and nutrients such as amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins , trace elements . Modern pharmacological studies have shown that PQR has the effects of hypoglycemia (Jenkins et al, 2017), hypotension (Stavro et al, 2006), antioxidant (Liu et al, 2019), anti-tumor (Chang et al, 2018), immune regulation (Jiang et al, 2020), neuroprotection (Shin et al, 2016) and so on. It is commonly used in the treatment of cancer (Chen et al, 2016), hypertension (Jovanovski et al, 2020), diabetes (Vuksan et al, 2019), myocardial ischemia (Yu et al, 2020), gastrointestinal tract and other diseases (Liu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, PQR is also widely used in health care medicines, health food, health care cosmetics and other fields, such as drinks, biscuits, medicated meals, facial mask, etc. (Li et al, 2015;Yim et al, 2015), they have the functions of enhancing immunity, relieving physical fatigue (Qi et al, 2014), delaying aging (Song et al, 2019),anti-radiation (Luo et al, 2014) auxiliary protective function for chemical liver injury (Jiang et al, 2020) PQR is a valuable medicinal material, which has been favored by people for its unique medical and health care functions. In this study, 1,742 literatures about PQR from 1982 to now were collected and consulted, in addition to repetitive and irrelevant literatures, 172 articles were reviewed in this study on botany, phytochemistry, quality control, pharmacology, toxicology and industrial applications of PQR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Panacis Quinquefolii Radix: A Review of the Botany, Phytochemistry, Quality Control, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Industrial Applications Research Progress

et al. 2020

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On January 2, 2020, The National Health Commission and the State Administration for Market Regulation listed Panacis Quinquefolii Radix (PQR) as a medicinal and food homologous product. PQR is the dry root of Panax quinquefolium L., which has the functions of replenishing qi and nourishing Yin, clearing heat and producing body fluid. It is often used for qi deficiency and Yin deficiency, heat exhaustion, asthma and phlegm, dry mouth and pharynx. PQR is sweet, slightly bitter and cool in nature, and enter the heart, lung and kidney meridian exerts the remedial and hygienical effect. At present, active components such as saponins, flavonoids, fatty acids, polyalkynes, volatile oils and other nutrients such as amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and trace elements have been isolated from PQR. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that PQR has the effects of hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, anti fatigue, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective and so on. In addition, PQR is recognized as a health care product to strengthen the body and dispel diseases. It is not only the raw material of Traditional Chinese medicine preparations, but also the treasure of dietary therapy and herbal cuisine. This study not only reviewed the botany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of PQR, but also summarized its quality control, toxicity and industrial applications for the first time. This paper not only summarizes the development status of PQR, but also analyzes the shortcomings of the current research on PQR, and puts forward the corresponding solutions, in order to provide reference for future scholars to study PQR.

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Section: Othermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Panacis Quinquefolii Radix: A Review of the Botany, Phytochemistry, Quality Control, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Industrial Applications Research Progress

et al. 2020

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“…Thus, the China Food and Drug Administration has compulsorily demanded that the level of sulphur dioxide residue be lower than 400 mg/kg for 12 TCMs and lower than 150 mg/kg for all other TCMs to ensure their quality, safety and efficacy (Guo et al 2014). To date, the occurrence of SF-induced chemical alterations in a great deal of TCMs, including C. morifolium (Wang S et al 2014), Astragali Radix (Xing et al 2018), Radix Paeoniae alba (Xu et al 2018), Panacis quinquefolii Radix (Jiang et al 2020), Gastrodia Rhizoma (Kang et al 2017), Smilacis glabrae Rhizoma (Yuan et al 2019) and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Ma et al 2017), has been verified. Our previous research showed that SF of C. morifolium cv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the antioxidant activities of nonfumigated and sulphur-fumigated Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Hang-ju induced by oxidative stress

Liu

et al. 2021

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context:The traditional drying method, sun drying, for Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. cv. Hang-ju (Compositae) (HJ) is widely replaced by sulphur fumigation (SF), which has an unknown effect on its efficacy. Objective: To investigate protective effects of nonfumigated HJ (NHJ) and sulphur-fumigated HJ (SHJ) water extracts against oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were administered high-fat diet to induce hyperlipidaemia and randomly divided into eight groups (n ¼ 6): control, fenofibrate, NHJ and SHJ extracts (1, 2 or 4 g crude drugs/kg/d; intragastric administration for 8 weeks). Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were detected. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with NHJ and SHJ extracts (50, 100 or 200 lg/mL) for 24 h, followed by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL, 20 lg/mL) for 2 h in vitro. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), SOD and MDA levels and apoptosis were evaluated. Results: NHJ was more effective than SHJ in decreasing serum TG, TC, LDL-C, LDL/HDL and MDA while increasing serum HDL-C and SOD levels at high doses. SHJ (IC 50 ¼19.9 mg/mL) suppressed HUVEC growth stronger than NHJ (IC 50 ¼186.7 mg/mL). At 200 lg/mL, NHJ was more effective than SHJ in downregulating ROS and MDA levels, reducing HUVECs apoptosis rate and elevating SOD activity in ox-LDLtreated HUVECs. Conclusions: SF causes oxidative damage and attenuates antioxidative activity in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, which promotes lipid peroxidation. SF is not recommended for processing HJ.

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“…Moreover, there are currently neither reports on the formation of new sulfur-fumigation markers during the sulfur fumigation process of TR nor reports on the regulation of the chemical conversion of different levels of sulfur fumigation. At present, non-targeted metabolomics and targeted metabolomics based on LC-QTOF-MS or LC-QTRAP-MS have become more mature in the analysis of the chemical composition of Chinese herbal medicines and the mining of quality control indicators ( Ma et al., 2014 ; Li et al., 2016 ; Dai et al., 2018 ; Wei et al., 2018 ; Zhang et al., 2018 ; Shengyun et al., 2019 ; Jiang et al., 2020 ). Specifically, broadly targeted metabolomics is a detection technology that integrates the “extensiveness” of non-targeted metabolomics with the “accuracy” of targeted metabolomics ( Luo et al., 2018 ; Zhu et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Protocol for a Comprehensive Evaluation of Sulfur Fumigation of Trichosanthis Radix Based on Both Non-Targeted and Widely Targeted Metabolomics

Kang

Yang

et al. 2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Trichosanthis Radix (TR) is one of the most severely sulfur-fumigated herbs in the market, whose transformation mechanism of chemical compositions and sulfur-fumigation markers of TR have not been clarified. To excavate characteristic sulfur-fumigation markers of TR samples, this study brings up a practical protocol using both ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrum (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS)-based non-targeted metabolomics and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/quadrupole multiple-stage linear ion-trap mass spectrum (UPLC-ESI-QTRAP-MS/MS)-based widely targeted metabolomics. The results of study demonstrated that five characteristic markers are sulfur-containing components, which were identified as p-Hydroxybenzyl hydrogen sulfite, cucurbitacin D sulfite I, cucurbitacin D sulfite II, cucurbitacin B sulfite I, and cucurbitacin B sulfite II, respectively. Additionally, cucurbitacin B and D were also filtered and identified as the characteristic sulfur-fumigation markers. Meanwhile, the different sulfur-fumigation extent of TR samples was tested by chemical transformations analysis and sulfur dioxide residues test. Further, 58.16% (139 of 239) of the differential metabolites content significantly reduced in sulfur-fumigated TR samples. Besides, 20 kinds of non-sulfur marker metabolites were tested to evaluate the quality of TR samples before and after sulfur fumigation, predominantly including phenolic acids, amino acids, lipids and nucleotides. Taking TR as an example, this work provides a comprehensive practical protocol for the quality supervision of sulfur-fumigation herbs.

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The effects of sulfur fumigation processing on Panacis Quinquefolii Radix in chemical profile, immunoregulation and liver and kidney injury

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Panacis Quinquefolii Radix: A Review of the Botany, Phytochemistry, Quality Control, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Industrial Applications Research Progress

Panacis Quinquefolii Radix: A Review of the Botany, Phytochemistry, Quality Control, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Industrial Applications Research Progress

Comparison of the antioxidant activities of nonfumigated and sulphur-fumigated Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Hang-ju induced by oxidative stress

A Practical Protocol for a Comprehensive Evaluation of Sulfur Fumigation of Trichosanthis Radix Based on Both Non-Targeted and Widely Targeted Metabolomics

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