The Effects of Surfactants on Efficiency of Foliar-Applied Diuron

Bayer, D. E.; Drever, H. R.

doi:10.2307/4041032

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…alachlor to a spray solution already contammg surfactant would, in effect, be the same as adding more surfactant. It has been shown that increasing the concentration of the surfactant used in this study above 0.5% does not increase the activity of some postemergence herbicides (2,11). Second, visual observations during application revealed very little spray retention when buthidazole was applied alone.…”

Section: Response Of Ivyleaf M Orningglory and Common Cockleburmentioning

confidence: 60%

Interaction of Buthidazole and Acetanilide Herbicides

York

Slife

1981

Weed sci.

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In field and greenhouse studies, alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] was found to antagonize buthidazole {3-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-imidazolidinone} injury to corn (Zea maysL.) when both herbicides were preplant incorporated. Similar results were found with five of seven other acetanilide herbicides tested. The antagonism between buthidazole and alachlor also occurred with common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicumWallr.) and ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq.] but not with five other weed species. Preplant-incorporated applications of alachlor had little to no effect on the response of corn to postemergence applications of buthidazole, but alachlor increased the susceptibility of ivyleaf morningglory to postemergence applications of buthidazole. No antagonism was observed when alachlor was included in postemergence applications of buthidazole to corn or ivyleaf morningglory.

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Section: Response Of Ivyleaf M Orningglory and Common Cockleburmentioning

confidence: 60%

Interaction of Buthidazole and Acetanilide Herbicides

York

Slife

1981

Weed sci.

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“…This has led to increased interest in the various factors of spray application that affect overall performance of postemergence herbicides. Greenhouse and field research indicate that phytotoxicity of postemergence herbicides may be influenced by several application factors including carrier volume (6,10,17,19,21,24), herbicide droplet size and concentration (3,18,19), and addition of adjuvants (5,8,15,16,20,22). Site of deposition of postemergence herbicide applications may also influence phytotoxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Application Factors on Postemergence Phytotoxicity of Fluazifop-butyl, Haloxyfop-methyl, and Sethoxydim

Buhler

Burnside

1984

Weed sci.

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Phytotoxicity of fluazifop-butyl {butyl 2-[4-[(5-trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)oxy] phenoxy] propanoate}, haloxyfop-methyl {methyl 2-[4-[(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)oxy)phenoxy] propanoate}, and sethoxydim {2-[1-ethoxyimino)-butyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one} increased as carrier volume was decreased from 570 to 24 L/ha. Addition of crop oil concentrate to the spray solution increased phytotoxicity, especially at carrier volumes of 190 L/ha and above. Sorghum plants were treated with the same amount of active ingredient in a single 1-, 2-, 4-, 8-, 16-, or 24-μl droplet. Smaller, more concentrated droplets were more phytotoxic than larger, more dilute droplets, with or without crop oil concentrate. Application site of single herbicide droplets also influenced phytotoxicity. In general, application of concentrated droplets to metabolically active leaf tissue resulted in maximum phytotoxicity.

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“…The spray suspension also contained a nonionic surfactant 6 at 0.25% (v/v). Numerous studies have demonstrated that adjuvants enhance the foliar activity of diuron (Bayer and Drever 1965;McWhorter 1963;Singh et al 2002). Foliar-only application was achieved by applying a 1-cm layer of activated charcoal over the container substrate surface before application as described.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diuron Sorption by Pine-Bark Substrate and Foliar vs. Root Absorption by Yellow Woodsorrel (Oxalis stricta)

et al. 2005

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Postemergence-applied diuron effectively controls yellow woodsorrel in nursery crops grown in pine bark–based container substrate. Whether the phytotoxicity of diuron on yellow woodsorrel is exclusively the result of foliar activity or is partially the result of root-based activity has not been determined. Application in which diuron was allowed to contact both the foliage and the pine bark–based substrate provided 84% control as determined by shoot fresh-weight reduction relative to that of a nontreated control. Foliar-only and root-only applications provided 52 and 12% shoot fresh-weight reduction, respectively. Absorption and translocation of foliar-applied diuron by yellow woodsorrel was evaluated using radiotracer techniques. After 24 h, 86% of the applied diuron had been absorbed, and 76% of the amount applied remained in the treated leaflet, indicating minimal translocation. Diuron sorption by the pine bark–based substrate was evaluated using radiotracer techniques. After 3 h, less than 6% of applied diuron remained in the aqueous phase, indicating 94% sorption. Exposing yellow woodsorrel roots to diuron concentrations as low as 0.50 mg/L resulted in injury, and concentrations equal to or greater than 10 mg/L resulted in death. Calculations described herein indicate the concentration that probably would occur within the aqueous solution held within the substrate following a 1.12-kg ai/ha application is sufficient to be phytotoxic to yellow woodsorrel. Thus, root-based absorption is a contributing factor in the overall efficacy of postemergence-applied diuron in controlling yellow woodsorrel.

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The Effects of Surfactants on Efficiency of Foliar-Applied Diuron

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Interaction of Buthidazole and Acetanilide Herbicides

Interaction of Buthidazole and Acetanilide Herbicides

Effect of Application Factors on Postemergence Phytotoxicity of Fluazifop-butyl, Haloxyfop-methyl, and Sethoxydim

Diuron Sorption by Pine-Bark Substrate and Foliar vs. Root Absorption by Yellow Woodsorrel (Oxalis stricta)

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