The Effects of Temperature and Potassium Fertilizer on the Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Parameters of Ipomoea batatas var. Antin-1

Abstract

The impact of temperature and potassium fertilizers on the growth, yield, and basic biochemical characteristics of sweet potato, <em>Ipomoea batatas </em>var. Antin- 1, was investigated in lowland and highland terrains. In this study we aimed to determine the different traits of the sweet potato, based on its morphology, physiology, and biochemical composition, following treatments with a potassium fertilizer at different temperatures. The study was undertaken using a nested factorial design. The first factor was temperature at each of the two sites: T1 (lowland) and T2 (highland). The second factor was potassium fertilizer (K<sub>2</sub>O) nested within the temperature factor and consisting of four levels of K: K0 (0 kg/ha), K1 (50 kg/ha), K2 (100 kg/ha), and K3 (150 kg/ha). Each potassium treatment was replicated three times at each location. Plant vegetative growth in the lowland region, with a daily average temperature of 26.8 °C, tended to be more bushy, with several different morphological properties: The main stem was longer (160.7 cm) and spreading, the stem diameter was greater, and the petioles were significantly longer in the lowland plants compared with the highland plants; however, no differences were observed in the leaf characteristics. The differential temperature (depending on altitude) resulted in significant differences in relative growth rates (RGR) and net assimilation rates (NAR); the values for RGR-1 and NAR-1 in the lowlands were higher than those in the highlands. The tuber weight, yield index, anthocyanin accumulation, and glucose content were significantly higher in the highland crops than in the lowland plants, which grew under relatively higher temperatures. Potassium applications caused significant differences in the anthocyanin content (mg/100 g fresh weight), anthocyanin production (kg/ha), and glucose production (kg/ha) at different locations.

Potassium Sulfate Spray Promotes Fruit Color Preference via Regulation of Pigment Profile in Litchi Pericarp

“…For example, the positive effect is observed in apple ( Solhjoo et al, 2017 ) and olive ( Zivdar et al, 2016 ), whereas no effect is reported in red cabbage ( Piccaglia et al, 2002 ), purple corncob ( Jing et al, 2007 ), and Melastoma malabathricum ( Koay et al, 2014 ). In addition, a quadratic function of K fertilizer to anthocyanin is documented in batatas ( Sulistiani et al, 2020 ) as well. The discrepancy of anthocyanin accumulation for plants might be ascribed to the varied anthocyanin composition of a specific plant per se .…”

“…It is widely known that litchi loses its brilliant red appearance soon at ambient condition after harvest and extensive efforts are made to solve this phenomena ( Zhang et al, 2005 ; Fang et al, 2015 ), however, the role of pericarp pigmentation enhancement through foliar nutrient application preharvest is scarcely investigated in litchi. Potassium (K) is frequently supplemented to enhance the pigmentation in plants due to its multiple reactive functions in higher plants ( Nguyen et al, 2010 ; Sulistiani et al, 2020 ). Thus, this study is to evaluate the role of foliar nutrient spray on pericarp pigmentation, and explore the relation between human visual color preference and pigment composition in litchi fruit pericarp, with the objective to identify an effective mineral nutrient salt to improve litchi pericarp color.…”

Determination of Effectiveness and Efficiency of Production Factors in Sweet Potato Farming in Lamongan, Indonesia

“…The average use of Phonska fertilizer in the research area is 349 kg per hectare. In multi-site research, potassium doses cause differences in anthocyanin content, anthocyanin production, and sweet potato glucose production [42]. K application is positively correlated with the accumulation of sweet potato starch.…”

Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Response to Incremental Application Rates of Potassium Fertilizer in Mississippi

“…Previous research has revealed inconsistent responses of sweet potatoes to K fertilization. Some demonstrate no impact of increased K fertilization rate [11,12] whereas others report splitting K fertilization application across the growing season positively impacts yield [13]. However, the previous authors collectively failed to report fertilizer recommendations based on soil tests and utilized K fertilization rates far below those typically recommended for sweet potato production in the United States [8].…”