The effects of the neurotoxic agent emamectin benzoate on the expression of immune and stress-related genes and blood serum profiles in the Rainbow trout

Kilercioğlu, Serdar; Ay, Özcan; Oksuz, Hale; Yılmaz, Mehmet

doi:10.1007/s11033-020-05599-w

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In this study, fish were separated as the treatment and control groups and fed with medicated (EB) and control feed for 21 days. Considering the results, the differences between weight gains were not found to be significant (p > 0:05) and which is supporting the findings of Kilercioglu et al [24] where rainbow trout was administered at 50 μg EB kg -1 fish daily for 7, 14, and 21 days. After thorough investigation, we have come to end that no augmentation of growth in EB fed fish groups compared to control fish after 21 days of feeding which corroborate with earlier studies in rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon reported by few distinguished authors [20,25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Therefore, it might be stated that a higher rate of inclusion of EB pose damage to the important organs like liver cells and ultimately the changes have 8 Aquaculture Nutrition marked in the serum. Furthermore, it is possible to assume that because of detoxification of EB continuously for 21 days, AST/ALP increased in blood/serum [24] which have been observed in our findings also. Similar phenomena regarding enzyme activities in serum have been reported in another antibiotic related study where OTC was fed with basal feed and found to be caused hepatic damages in L. rohita [35] and OTC-treated rat [41] to some extent which are in line with our present findings.…”

Section: Activity Units/ml Lysozyme Activity a A A A A A A A A A A A ...supporting

confidence: 81%

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Effect of Graded Levels of Dietary Emamectin Benzoate on Immunity, Enzyme Activity, and Withdrawal Period in Labeo rohita Juveniles (Hamilton, 1822)

Choudhary

Swain

Das

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary emamectin benzoate (EB) levels on immune responses, serum enzyme activities, and retention of EB in muscle tissue to establish the withdrawal period in rohu, Labeo rohita juveniles (avg. wt. 18 ± 0.11 g). To ascertain this, 450 healthy L. rohita juveniles were fed with EB in graded doses viz., at 50 (1x), 125 (2.5x), 250 (5x), and 375 (7.5x) μg kg-1 of fish biomass day-1, respectively, in triplicate for 21 days through a basal feed. Upon completion of 21 days, the same experimental fish were fed with basal feed (without EB) for another 14 days to measure the retention of EB in the muscle tissue. Each 7-day interval, five fish were randomly sampled. The results showed that respiratory burst activity, myeloperoxidase activity, bacterial haemagglutination, and haemolysis activities were improved significantly ( p < 0.05 ) in 1x and 2.5x dose fed group from 7th day onwards until 14th day. Few selected enzyme activities viz., LDH and ALP were found to be significantly ( p < 0.05 ) high in the fish fed with EB at 5x and 7.5x dose compared to 1x. The LC-MS/MS study of the experimental fish discloses that EB was retained in muscle tissue at a dose-dependent manner and significantly ( p < 0.05 ) lowest level ( 0.341 ± 0.03 ppb) was retained in the fish fed with 1x dose of EB. Hence, 1x dose of EB may be adhered to treat L. rohita juveniles through feed with 14 days of withdrawal period.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Activity Units/ml Lysozyme Activity a A A A A A A A A A A A ...supporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of Graded Levels of Dietary Emamectin Benzoate on Immunity, Enzyme Activity, and Withdrawal Period in Labeo rohita Juveniles (Hamilton, 1822)

Choudhary

Swain

Das

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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“…The increased levels of serum albumin, globulin, and protein in EMB treated fish were associated with innate response in fish. Similar to our result, enhanced levels of serum protein and albumin were noticed in rainbow trout exposed to EMB for 21 days [ 23 ]. Prusty et al [ 50 ] found the decreased activity of albumin, globulin, and protein in serum of L. rohita , exposed to fenvalerate, and C. gariepinus to sub-lethal exposure of ivermectin [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…GOT, and GPT activity was significantly elevated in Cirrhinus mrigala on exposure to chlorfenapyr, acetamiprid, and dimethoate on 10th, 20 th, and 30th days [ 19 ]. Emamectin benzoate exposure in rainbow trout also increases the activity of GOT, and GPT [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acute or chronic exposure to pesticides even at low concentrations alters the physiological and biochemical parameters in fish [ [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] ]. The toxic effect of EMB was noticed in many aquatic organisms like Oreochromis niloticus [ 21 , 22 ]; rainbow trout [ 23 ]; L. rohita [ 20 ] and benthic species [ 24 ]; Clarias gariepinus [ 1 ]; Asian seabass [ 15 ]; American lobsters [ 25 ]; Danio rerio [ 26 ]; zebrafish embryos [ 27 ]; Atlantic salmon [ 28 ]; planktonic marine copepods [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the effect of sub-lethal acute toxicity of Emamectin benzoate in Labeo rohita using multiple biomarker approach

et al. 2022

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The potential immunotoxicity of emamectin benzoate on the human THP‐1 macrophages

Wei

Wang

et al. 2022

Environmental Toxicology

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Emamectin benzoate (EMB) as one of the typical biological pesticides has a wide range of applications in agriculture. However, the immune toxic effects of EMB in human received limited attention. In our study, THP-1 macrophage as an in vitro model was used to evaluate immune functions exposed to EMB. We observed that EMB inhibited phagocytic activity and respiratory burst capacity of macrophages without inducing cellular toxicity, implying the potential immunosuppression.Besides, EMB disturbed the cytokines balance embodied in the increase of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL27, CXCL8 mRNA expression and the decrease of IL-4, IL-13, IL-10 mRNA expression. EMB could exhibit pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages and promote the conversion of macrophages to M1 phenotype. Moreover, NF-κB pathway involved in regulating immune function from KEGG pathway analysis. EMB exposure could activate the NF-κB pathway in THP-1 macrophages by exploring the critical proteins. This research provided insights on immunotoxicity evaluation and clarified EMB-induced immunotoxicity was related to NF-κB pathway activation.

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The effects of the neurotoxic agent emamectin benzoate on the expression of immune and stress-related genes and blood serum profiles in the Rainbow trout

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of Graded Levels of Dietary Emamectin Benzoate on Immunity, Enzyme Activity, and Withdrawal Period in Labeo rohita Juveniles (Hamilton, 1822)

Effect of Graded Levels of Dietary Emamectin Benzoate on Immunity, Enzyme Activity, and Withdrawal Period in Labeo rohita Juveniles (Hamilton, 1822)

Assessment of the effect of sub-lethal acute toxicity of Emamectin benzoate in Labeo rohita using multiple biomarker approach

The potential immunotoxicity of emamectin benzoate on the human THP‐1 macrophages

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