The effects of topical nasal steroids on rat respiratory mucosa <i>in vivo</i>, with special reference to benzalkonium chloride

Berg, Øystein H.; Lie, Kathleen Chwen Ming; Steinsvåg, Sverre K.

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb01041.x

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Some studies, including both in vitro and in vivo studies [3,4,5], have suggested that BKC does produce adverse effects on mucociliary activity. Other data, however, suggest BKC lacks deleterious effects [10,11,12,13]. The discrepancy in these results, particularly between in vitro and in vivo findings, could be explained by the possibility of problems in the experimental design and methodology as well as the difference between in vitro and in vivo conditions [13,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Other data, however, suggest BKC lacks deleterious effects [10,11,12,13]. The discrepancy in these results, particularly between in vitro and in vivo findings, could be explained by the possibility of problems in the experimental design and methodology as well as the difference between in vitro and in vivo conditions [13,14]. Particularly, there was a lack of a mucus layer in vitro, which protects the ciliated epithelium of the nasal cavity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride and Potassium Sorbate on Airway Ciliary Activity

Deng

Han

Zhang

2012

ORL

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Objectives: Preservatives are indispensable components of aqueous multidose topical formulations. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of two representative preservatives, benzalkonium chloride (BKC) and potassium sorbate (PS), on rabbit tracheal ciliary beat frequency (CBF). Methods: Rabbit tracheal ciliated cell culture was established and CBF was determined using high-speed digital imaging methods. The effects of preservatives at different concentrations on CBF were observed over a 10-min exposure period. Results: BKC induced inhibition of CBF in a concentration-dependent manner. Ciliary beating was stopped by 0.01% BKC after 5 min of exposure. A low concentration of PS (0.12%) only resulted in a mild decrease in CBF during a 10-min exposure. The CBF decreased by 13.0% from baseline after 10 min. However, there was no statistically significant difference compared with the corresponding control condition. Application of 0.24, 0.48 and 0.96% of PS to rabbit tracheal cells resulted in an increase in CBF, with an increase of 105 ± 9.8, 107.6 ± 4.0, and 117.1 ± 9.5% relative to baseline CBF after 10 min of exposure, respectively. Conclusions: PS could be considered as a safer and more promising preservative than BKC for use in topical formulations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride and Potassium Sorbate on Airway Ciliary Activity

Deng

Han

Zhang

2012

ORL

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“…The deleterious effects of BZC and PS on the rodent nasal mucosa have been shown by various in vivo studies as well [1,14,15]. Findings reported were epithelial desquamation, degeneration, edema or neutrophilic cellular infiltration, areas with squamous cell metaplasia, shortening in epithelial cell lengths, pleomorphism, and decreased density of cilia and number of goblet cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of Preservatives in Nasal Formulations on the Mucosal Integrity: An Electron Microscopic Study

et al. 2004

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The preservatives benzalkonium chloride (BZC) and potassium sorbate (PS) are widely used in the formulation of nasal drops and cosmetics. Recently, a number of side effects that resulted from mucosal irritation caused by BZC and PS have been reported. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the possible clinical and histological alterations induced by in vivo administration of these preservatives to the nasal mucosa of rats. 0.01% BZC and 0.12% PS were administered to the nostrils of male rats for 1 or 4 weeks. Clinical symptoms were recorded during the treatment, and light and electron microscopic examinations were carried out on samples taken from one third central and lower regions of the noses at the end of the treatment periods. Symptomatic changes such as sneezing and nasal rubbing were observed in almost all groups, starting from the 6th day of administration. Light and electron microscopy showed histological changes and nasal lesions induced by the preservatives. The symptomatic and histological changes were more pronounced with prolonged duration of administration. Therefore, it has been concluded that in vivo administration of the preservatives BZC and PS may be irritant to the respiratory epithelium of rats.

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“…However, these studies suggest that the damage caused to the mucociliary system is more closely associated with medication preservation solutions, such as benzalconium chloride, than to the corticosteroids themselves (22,23). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects on mucociliary clearance of prednisone associated with bronchial section

Braga¹,

Nepomuceno²,

Correia³

et al. 2012

Clinics

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OBJECTIVE:Infections have been and remain the major cause of morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. Because mucociliary clearance plays an important role in human defense mechanisms, the influence of drugs on the mucociliary epithelium of patients undergoing lung transplantation must be examined. Prednisone is the most important corticosteroid used after lung transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of bronchial transection and prednisone therapy on mucociliary clearance.METHODS:A total of 120 rats were assigned to 4 groups according to surgical procedure or drug therapy: prednisone therapy (1.25 mg/kg/day); bronchial section and anastomosis + prednisone therapy (1.25 mg/kg/day); bronchial section + saline solution (2 ml/day); and saline solution (2 ml/day). After 7, 15, or 30 days, the animals were sacrificed, and the lungs were removed from the thoracic cavity. The in situ mucociliary transport velocity, ciliary beat frequency and in vitro mucus transportability were evaluated.RESULTS:Animals undergoing bronchial section surgery and anastomosis had a significant decrease in the ciliary beat frequency and mucociliary transport velocity 7 and 15 days after surgery (p<0.001). These parameters were normalized 30 days after the surgical procedure. Prednisone improved mucous transportability in the animals undergoing bronchial section and anastomosis at 15 and 30 days (p<0.05).CONCLUSION:Bronchial section and anastomosis decrease mucociliary clearance in the early postoperative period. Prednisone therapy improves mucus transportability in animals undergoing bronchial section and anastomosis.

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The effects of topical nasal steroids on rat respiratory mucosa in vivo, with special reference to benzalkonium chloride

Cited by 47 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride and Potassium Sorbate on Airway Ciliary Activity

Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride and Potassium Sorbate on Airway Ciliary Activity

Effects of Preservatives in Nasal Formulations on the Mucosal Integrity: An Electron Microscopic Study

The effects on mucociliary clearance of prednisone associated with bronchial section

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