The Effects of Undigestible Fructooligosaccharides on Intestinal Microflora and Various Physiological Functions on Human Health

Hidaka, Hiroyoshi; Hirayama, Masao; Tokunaga, Takahisa; Eida, Toshiaki

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5784-1_10

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Whereas some studies reported effects on bowel habits (34,36,38,39), we found no effects of GOS/lcFOS supplementation on bowel habits, stool frequency or consistency, or stool or vaginal pH. Differences might be attributed to variations among the studies in daily prebiotic intake, study population, duration of supplementation, and extrinsic factors such as diet, hormone status, or physical activity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Effects of galactooligosaccharide and long-chain fructooligosaccharide supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal microbiota and immunity—a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Shadid

Haarman

Knol

et al. 2007

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

124

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Background: Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and long-chain fructooligosaccharides (lcFOS) proliferate bifidobacteria in infant gut microbiota. However, it is not known how GOS and FOS influence the microbiota of pregnant women and whether a potential prebiotic effect is transferred to the offspring. Objectives: We aimed to test how supplementation with GOS and lcFOS (GOS/lcFOS) in the last trimester of pregnancy affects maternal and neonatal gut microbiota. Variables of fetal immunity were assessed as a secondary outcome. Design: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study, 48 pregnant women were supplemented 3 times/d with 3 g GOS/lcFOS (at a ratio of 9:1) or maltodextrin (placebo) from week 25 of gestation until delivery. Percentages of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli within total bacterial counts were detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction in maternal and neonatal (days 5, 20, and Ȃ182) stool samples. Variables of fetal immunity were assessed in cord blood by using flow cytometry and cytokine multiplex-array analysis. Results: The proportions of bifidobacteria in the maternal gut were significantly higher in the supplemented group than in the placebo group (21.0% and 12.4%, respectively; P ҃ 0.026); the proportion of lactobacilli did not differ between the groups. In neonates, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli percentages, diversity and similarity indexes, and fetal immune parameters did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Mother-neonate similarity indexes of bifidobacteria decreased over time. Conclusions: GOS/lcFOS supplementation has a bifidogenic effect on maternal gut microbiota that is not transferred to neonates. The increased maternal bifidobacteria did not affect fetal immunity as measured by a comprehensive examination of cord blood immunity variables.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Effects of galactooligosaccharide and long-chain fructooligosaccharide supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal microbiota and immunity—a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Shadid

Haarman

Knol

et al. 2007

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

124

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“…This test may be applied in different linguistic areas without changes in its significance. The MMSE is used a bedside screen for cognitive dysfunction [13]. A decrease in score indicates a worse performance.…”

Section: Mini Mental State Examination (Mmse)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bifidobacteria are predominant bacterial species in the human gut microflora and have been considered to exert a beneficial effect on human health by maintaining the equilibrium of the colonic microflora [12,13]. In addition, Bifidobacterium longum has been shown to have a protective effect against the lethal activity of endotoxin in germ-free mice and increase the host's immune response [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifidobacterium longum with Fructo-Oligosaccharide (FOS) Treatment in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

et al. 2007

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Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) describes patients with chronic liver disease or cirrhosis who have no clinical symptoms of brain dysfunction but perform worse on psychometric tests compared with healthy subjects. The pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy is controversial although ammonia has been found to induce cerebral dysfunction. Increased intestinal ammonia production is due to bacterial urease activity and the production of other toxin methabolities, such as mercaptans, thioles. This study assesses the clinical efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum plus fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) in the treatment of MHE. A total of 60 cirrhotic patients were randomly and equally divided into two groups receiving Bifidobacterium+FOS (17 males, 13 females; mean age, 46+/-11 years) or placebo (16 males, 14 females; mean age, 45+/-12 years), respectively. All patients underwent clinical and laboratory assessment psychometric tests and automated EEG analysis: neurophysiological assessment, liver function assessment, amd neuropsychological assessment. After 90 days of treatment, fasting NH(4) serum levels were significantly decreased (P=0.003), performance on Trail Making Test-A was significantly decreased (P=0.000), performance on Trail Making Test-B was significantly decreased (P=0.000), performance on the symbol digit modalities test was significantly improved (P<0.05), performance on block design was significantly improved (P=0.000), and performance on the MMSE test was significantly improved (P=0.000). We conclude that the improvement in biochemical and neuropsychological tests of the group treated with Bifidobacterium longum+FOS are interesting and merit further, close examination.

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“…They are produced by the partial hydrolysis of inulin or by synthesis from sucrose by an enzymatic process. Ingested Fos are poorly digested in the human small intestine but are fermented in the colon by the resident microbiota [15][16][17][18][19]. Unlike other indigestible sugars, which are hydrolyzed by a wide variety of gut bacteria, Fos are only fermented in vitro by a limited range of micro-organisms that include most species of bifidobacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifidobacterium longum with Fructo-Oligosaccharides in Patients with Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

et al. 2011

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The Effects of Undigestible Fructooligosaccharides on Intestinal Microflora and Various Physiological Functions on Human Health

Cited by 52 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of galactooligosaccharide and long-chain fructooligosaccharide supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal microbiota and immunity—a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Effects of galactooligosaccharide and long-chain fructooligosaccharide supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal microbiota and immunity—a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Bifidobacterium longum with Fructo-Oligosaccharide (FOS) Treatment in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Bifidobacterium longum with Fructo-Oligosaccharides in Patients with Non Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

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