The Effects of Urbanization and Vegetation Cover on Urban Heat Island: A Case Study in Osmaniye Province

Abstract

This study analyzed the changes in the urban heat island effect in the 30 years (from 1990 to 2021) in the central district of Osmaniye. In this sense, there were two primary goals. Firstly, Land use/land cover change (LULC), land surface temperature (LST), normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were analyzed by using remote sensing methods between 1990 and 2021. Secondly, a linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the factors associated with LST, NDVI, and NDBI. The study results revealed increases in urban surfaces and the average land surface temperature values in the past 30 years and showed a decline in the vegetation with low, medium, and high NDVI values. The regression analysis results indicated a strong negative relationship between LST and NDVI and a strong positive relationship between LST and NDBI. It was also found a robust negative relationship between NDBI and NDVI. In light of the findings, it was stated that the amount of open and green areas should be increased in order to prevent the negative effects of the urban heat island in the central district of Osmaniye. For this purpose, it has been proposed to encourage green roof systems throughout the city, to create city parks and to create a green belt system. In addition, as a result of the study, the importance of preventing forest destruction caused by over-settlement in the Amanos Mountains, which is one of the rare habitats of the world with different plant species, was emphasized. In this sense, legal sanctions should be employed to protect those areas and prevent construction.

Analysis of Land Use Land Cover and Land Surface Temperature in Karst Area: A Case Study Wonogiri Regency

“…Further analysis is a tabulation to calculate the rate of transformation of the area of change in LULC each year, increase, decrease and change (Table 2 and Table 3) 4. Century lead to landscape transformation towards increased built-up land [8] . LULC changes in Wonogiri Regency are relatively the same as in other regions worldwide.…”

“…Economic and industrial development and high population levels are associated with the rapid change in land use cover (LULC) in the 21st Century due to the increase in built-up land. [8][9] . Surakarta and its surrounding areas led to the formation of metropolitan cities due to high shuttle or commuting activities from the second cities to central [10] .…”

“…Wonogiri Regency was the research location because it has karst landforms, so it is interesting to link LST with landforms. Remote sensing methods and mapping heat energy released by the atmosphere from the earth are methods for measuring LST using satellite image data [8] . A supporting tool to accurately calculate LST is Google Earth Engine [19] .…”

Analysis of Two Decades Variations in Urban Heat Island Using Remotely Sensed Data in Nguru Local Government Area, Yobe State, Nigeria

“…Several scholars (Efe, 2002;Mazzeo, 1998;Ayoade, 1993;Landsberg, 1981;Omere, 2001;Livingstone, 2006;Das, 2022;Philipps,et al, 2022;Çolakkadıoğlu, 2023) have used the concept of urban heat islands in both temperate and tropical regions across the globe. According to these studies, the climate of a city shifts as it grows.…”

An Assessment of Long-Term Urban Heat Island Impact on Istanbul’s Climate

“…An example of this is the heat absorption of concrete urban surfaces which modifies micro climatic properties leading to increase in air temperature within urban areas compared to their neighboring areas and close proximity rural areas (Oke 1982). This difference in surface and air temperatures between an urban area and its surroundings is called urban heat island (UHI) (Landsberg, 1981;Oke 1982Oke , 1987Roth et al, 1989;Voogt and Oke, 2003;Arnfield, 2003;Imhoff et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2016;Sobstyl et al, 2018;Philipps et al, 2022;Çolakkadıoğlu, 2023).…”