The effects of wheel-induced soil compaction on anchorage strength and resistance to root lodging of winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Scott, Duncan; Tams, A.R.; Berry, Pete; Mooney, Sacha J.

doi:10.1016/j.still.2004.06.008

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…On the other hand, it has also been reported that the yields of perennial plants were not always reduced by compaction and sometimes were larger in compacted soil than in non-compacted (Frost, 1998). These trends could be attributed to better water and nutrient supply and recovery of soil pore system (Scott et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of soil compaction on root development and yield of meadow-grass

Głąb¹

2013

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. The field experiment was carried out on a smoothstalked meadow-grass to analyse the effect of tractor traffic on herbage production and root morphology. The multiple passes of tractor changed physical properties of soil. Increase in bulk density and penetration resistance of soil under smooth-stalked meadowgrass was recorded up to the depth of 30 cm. The tractor traffic resulted in changes in smooth-stalked meadow-grass yields. During the second and the third harvest it was found that wheel traffic decreased plant yields. For the first harvest the opposite effect in herbage production was noticed. The tractor traffic significantly changed the root morphometric properties in the upper, 0-5 cm, soil layer. Intensive tractor traffic (four and six passes) significantly increased the root length in diameter range of 0.1-0.5 mm. There were no differences in both mean root diameter and specific root length what indicated that traffic treatment applied did not change the root diameter. The results indicate that smooth-stalked meadow-grass could be recommended for compacted soils when intensive traffic is present.K e y w o r d s:

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of soil compaction on root development and yield of meadow-grass

Głąb¹

2013

International Agrophysics

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“…Recent research has identifi ed that tramlines can represent an important pathway in the loss of sediment and phosphorus from a silty clay loam soil under arable management on a 7° slope in western England (Silgram, 2004), and this is supported by Withers (2006) and Silgram et al (2007). The associated compaction caused by tramlines is also of agronomic signifi cance as it can increase lodging risk in the adjacent crop (Scott et al, 2005). Conventional agricultural systems usually attempt to maintain surface infi ltration (as this aids water conservation and reduces runoff risk), and keep soil compaction to a minimum by cultivating tramline wheeling areas during the post-harvest fi eld operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hillslope scale surface runoff, sediment and nutrient losses associated with tramline wheelings

Silgram¹,

Jackson²,

Bailey

et al. 2010

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Research on arable sandy loam and silty clay loam soils on 4° slopes in England has shown that tramlines (i.e. the unseeded wheeling areas used to facilitate spraying operations in cereal crops) can represent the most important pathway for phosphorus and sediment loss from moderately sloping fi elds. Detailed monitoring over the October-March period in winters 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 included event-based sampling of surface runoff, suspended and particulate sediment, and dissolved and particulate phosphorus from hillslope segments (each ~300-800 m 2 ) established in a randomized block design with four replicates of each treatment at each of two sites on lighter and heavier soils. Experimental treatments assessed losses from the cropped area without tramlines, and from the uncropped tramline area, and were compared to losses from tramlines which had been disrupted once in the autumn with a shallow tine. On the lighter soil, the effects of removal or shallow incorporation of straw residues was also determined.Research on both sandy and silty clay loam soils across two winters showed that tramline wheelings represented the dominant pathway for surface runoff and transport of sediment, phosphorus and nitrogen from cereal crops on moderate slopes. Results indicated 5·5-15·8% of rainfall lost as runoff, and losses of 0·8-2·9 kg TP ha −1 and 0·3-4·8 t ha −1 sediment in tramline treatments, compared to only 0·2-1·7% rainfall lost as runoff, and losses of 0·0-0·2 kg TP ha −1 and 0·003-0·3 t ha −1 sediment from treatments without tramlines or those where tramlines had been disrupted. The novel shallow disruption of tramline wheelings using a tine once following the autumn spray operation consistently and dramatically reduced (p < 0·001) surface runoff and loads of sediment, total nitrogen and total phosphorus to levels similar to those measured in cropped areas between tramlines. Results suggest that options for managing tramline wheelings warrant further refi nement and evaluation with a view to incorporating them into spatially-targeted farm-level management planning using national or catchment-based agri-environment policy instruments aimed at reducing diffuse pollution from land to surface water systems.

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“…In order to demonstrate the suitability of the method, three different soil types utilised as part of a recent study to examine the affects of soil texture on cereal root anchorage failure (Scott et al, 2005) were impregnated using the selected varnish including a sandy loam (Newport series, stagnogleyic brown earth) from Sutton Bonington, University of Nottingham, UK (GR SK504262), a silty clay loam (Bromyard series, chromic luvisol) from ADAS Rosemaund, Herefordshire, UK (GR SO355246) and a clay (Hanslope series, calcaric endostagnic cambisol) from ADAS Boxworth, Cambridgeshire, UK (GR TL534264). Selected physical characteristics of the soils are given in Table 1.…”

Section: Experimental Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%