The effects of wine and tobacco consumption on cognitive performance in the elderly: a longitudinal study of relative risk

Leibovici, Didier; Ritchie, Karen; Ledésert, Bernard; Touchon, Jacques

doi:10.1093/ije/28.1.77

Cited by 97 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Prior to a study by Zuccala et al (2001), there was conflicting evidence on the relationship between alcohol consumption per se and cognitive function [35,41,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. Zuccala et al (2001) analysed the association between alcohol consumption and cognitive impairment in 15,807 hospitalized older patients who were enrolled in an Italian multicentre pharmacoepidemiology survey [41].…”

Section: Relationship Of Alcoholic Beverages To Cognitive Function Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moderate wine consumption rather than alcohol consumption per se has been specifically associated with a lower risk of developing dementia and specifically Alzheimer's disease in studies over the past two decades [38,54,[72][73][74][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84]. Wine consumption of up to approximately 75 mL per day improved cognition in 883 elderly subjects recruited from the Norwegian Hordaland Health Study [154].…”

Section: Relationship Of Wine To Cognitive Function and Dementiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wine consumption, cognitive function and dementias – A relationship?

Stockley

2016

NUA

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Abstract. Healthy cognitive function is essential for quality of life, wellbeing and independent living, and is negatively associated with dementias. A series of longitudinal and neuro-imaging studies in the elderly have shown that light to moderate wine consumption is neuro-protective although heavy or abusive alcohol consumption is neuro-toxic. A J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption, cognitive dysfunction and risk of dementias is also observed for younger and middle aged consumers. There is also no data to suggest that long-term light to moderate alcohol consumption exacerbates age-related cognitive decline and impairment. An optimal amount of wine for neuro-protection appears to be up to 30 g alcohol daily.There are multiple plausible biological mechanisms in various animal models, in vitro and in vivo for wine-derived phenolic compounds which go beyond their antioxidant activity and attenuation of oxidative stress.

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Section: Relationship Of Alcoholic Beverages To Cognitive Function Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Of Wine To Cognitive Function and Dementiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wine consumption, cognitive function and dementias – A relationship?

Stockley

2016

NUA

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“…After first reports found no association [1,9,10,15], more recent results point to a protective effect of alcohol, mostly associated to moderate intakes and to wine consumption [16][17][18]. But differences according to type of alcohol beverage consumed have not always been observed [19]; and increased risks have also been reported for heavy alcohol consumption [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Smokers and drinkers tended to show lower risks of AD than subjects who were just smokers or just drinkers [21]. But antagonistic effects of tobacco and wine consumption have also been suggested for some dimensions of general cognitive decline [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated and Joint Effects of Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption on Risk of Alzheimer's Disease

García

Ramón-Bou

Porta

2010

JAD

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Abstract. The roles of smoking and alcohol on the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain unclear. We performed a case-control study on the effects of both exposures before the age of onset of the disease in the cases (and same reference age for their age-matched controls) on disease risk. Interviews were conducted with population controls (n = 246) and relatives of cases (n = 176) identified through local Alzheimer's Disease Associations. Logistic regression models were built adjusting by gender, age, residence, education, economic situation, employment, and history of dementia in close relatives. Risk of AD was unaffected by any measure of tobacco consumption. Alcohol consumers showed a lower risk of AD than never consumers (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.32, 0.88), with differences by gender (women aOR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.27, 0.84; men aOR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.23, 2.80). Mean daily total consumption of alcohol and time consuming alcohol showed increasingly protective dose-response relationships in women. Lower AD risk was observed in alcohol drinkers of both genders who never smoked (aOR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.21, 0.65). All these associations were independent of the presence of apolipoprotein E4 allele(s) in the cases. Although the sample was small for some analyses addressing these interactions, our results suggest a protective effect of alcohol consumption, mostly in non-smokers, and the need to consider interactions between tobacco and alcohol consumption, as well as interactions with gender, when assessing the effects of smoking and/or drinking on the risk of AD.

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“…Moderate drinking is associated with a decreased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiac death (1,2), as well as macular degeneration, Alzheimer's disease, and cognitive deficits (3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Although the benefits of alcohol consumption are partially related to its ability to increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and to inhibit platelets, some studies indicate that the greatest protection is due to red wine (RW), rather than beer or spirits (8)(9)(10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The action of red wine and purple grape juice on vascular reactivity is independent of plasma lipids in hypercholesterolemic patients

Coimbra

Lage

Brandizzi

et al. 2005

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Although red wine (RW) reduces cardiovascular risk, the mechanisms underlying the effect have not been identified. Correction of endothelial dysfunction by RW flavonoids could be one mechanism. We measured brachial artery reactivity by high-resolution ultrasonography, plasma lipids, glucose, adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM), and platelet function in 16 hypercholesterolemic individuals (8 men and 8 women; mean age 51.6 ± 8.1 years) without other risk factors. Twenty-four normal subjects were used as controls for vascular reactivity. Subjects randomly received RW, 250 ml/day, or purple grape juice (GJ), 500 ml/day, for 14 days with an equal wash-out period. At baseline, all 16 subjects were hypercholesterolemic (mean LDL = 181.0 ± 28.7 mg/dl) but HDL, triglycerides, glucose, adhesion molecules, and platelet function were within normal limits. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation was significantly decreased compared to controls (9.0 ± 7.1 vs 12.1 ± 4.5%; P < 0.05) and increased with both GJ (10.1 ± 7.1 before vs 16.9 ± 6.7% after: P < 0.05) and RW (10.1 ± 6.4 before vs 15.6 ± 4.6% after; P < 0.05). RW, but not GJ, also significantly increased endothelium-independent vasodilation (17.0 ± 8.6 before vs 23.0 ± 12.0% after; P < 0.01). GJ reduced ICAM-1 but not VCAM and RW had no effect on either molecule. No significant alterations were observed in plasma lipids, glucose or platelet aggregability with RW or GJ. Both RW and GJ similarly improved flow-mediated dilation, but RW also enhanced endothelium-independent vasodilation in hypercholesterolemic patients despite the increased plasma cholesterol. Thus, we conclude that GJ may protect against coronary artery disease without the additional negative effects of alcohol despite the gender.

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The effects of wine and tobacco consumption on cognitive performance in the elderly: a longitudinal study of relative risk

Abstract: There is no evidence to suggest that wine and tobacco consumption may protect against Alzheimer's disease.

Cited by 97 publications

References 11 publications

Wine consumption, cognitive function and dementias – A relationship?

Wine consumption, cognitive function and dementias – A relationship?

Isolated and Joint Effects of Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption on Risk of Alzheimer's Disease

The action of red wine and purple grape juice on vascular reactivity is independent of plasma lipids in hypercholesterolemic patients

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