The Effects of Wood Vinegar on Some Soil Microorganisms

Abstract

This study was carried out in order to determine the enzyme activity of the wood vinegar obtained from the hazelnut shells with the potential of bio-pesticide in agro-ecosystem soil, and its effect on the microfungi and heterotrophic bacteria in total. The study was realized in the production seasons of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016, in the ecological conditions of the province Muş (in Turkey) on winter wheat field and with four repetitions according to Randomized Blocks Experimental Design. The treatments within the scope of the experiment were conducted as the six different doses of wood vinegar at 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, 4.0%, and 5.0% mL, and the control treatment which was only provided with tap water. Repeated Measurement ANOVA was used to determine the effect of wood vinegar at different doses, the production seasons and periods (pre-and post-treatment) on relevant features. As based on the statistical inferences, only the Treatment × Year and Period × Year interaction effects in terms of the number of heterotrophic bacteria (P = 0.000 and P = 0.011); and only the Period × Year interaction effects for the number of microfungi (P = 0.000) were found statistically significant. Therefore, the effect of the treatments made on the number of heterotrophic bacteria varied by the production seasons. In a similar way, the effect of the production season and periods on the number of microfungi also changed as based on the term. While the effect of period (P = 0.000) and the Treatment × Period interaction (P = 0.014) effect were significant for Alkaline Phosphatase activity, Year × Period (P = 0.001) and Treatment × Period interactions (P = 0.000) were found significant as related to Beta Glucosidase activity. In conclusion, it may be stated that the wood vinegar used at different doses with the purpose of protecting plant and/or crop in wheat agro-ecosystem does not have a negative effect on microbial factors determined in the soil, and especially, the treatment of 3% mL has a positive effect on bacteria number and Beta Glucosidase enzyme activity.

Composition, Ageing and Herbicidal Properties of Wood Vinegar Obtained through Fast Biomass Pyrolysis

“…However, in a recent study, Goethen de Lima et al [69] found that wood vinegar may be toxic to Daphnia magna (microcrustacea), while no genotoxicity was detected for Allium cepae. Koc [26] reported that wood vinegar used at different doses to protect plants and/or crops in wheat agro-ecosystems did not have a negative effect on microbial factors determined in the soil. Steiner et al observed that the application of wood vinegar to Amazonian soils increased the metabolism of soil microorganisms by increasing microbial biomass, population growth and the microbe's efficiency [36].…”

“…Wood vinegar obtained from biomass pyrolysis has applications in various areas, such as its use as a food additive, anti-inflammatory agent, anti-fungal drug or pest control agent [23] owing to its powerful antioxidant and antimicrobial activity [24][25][26][27][28]. There is also evidence of its use in agriculture as a plant fortifier promoting plant growth [29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Odun sirkesinin çayır otu silajının besin değeri ve fermentasyonu üzerine etkisi

“…In this study, it was determined that the antimicrobial and antifungal effectiveness were prominent in parallel with the increased concentrations of WV, which is thought to contribute positively to the maturation time of silage by accelerating the fermentation of organic matter in silage production. Thus, due to its high acidity and rich ethanol and phenol contents, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of WV with various concentrations have been identified many times (Koç et al, 2019;Koç et al, 2018;Rui et al, 2014). The number of lactic acid bacteria in the group treated with 2% WV decreased significantly (P<0.05) when compared to the control and the other treatment groups.…”

Potential use of wood pyrolysis coproducts: A review

“…[110][111][112][113] A PA concentration of 10% significantly enhanced plant growth, fruit weight, fruit diameter and sweetness of fruits. 111 Siriwardena et al 113 PA applied to the soil improves its physical, chemical, and biological properties, providing an increase in beneficial microorganisms [116][117][118][119] and facilitating the absorption of nutrients from the soil solution by plants. 120 Koç et al 117 reported that in general the dose of PA of 3.0% ml will promoted a positive effect on the number and activity of biological factors in soil.…”

“…111 Siriwardena et al 113 PA applied to the soil improves its physical, chemical, and biological properties, providing an increase in beneficial microorganisms [116][117][118][119] and facilitating the absorption of nutrients from the soil solution by plants. 120 Koç et al 117 reported that in general the dose of PA of 3.0% ml will promoted a positive effect on the number and activity of biological factors in soil. According to Sun et al, 121 PA combined with biochar could reduce NH 3 volatilization in rice paddy fields.…”