The effects on intensively reared lambs of diets containing excess copper

Hill, Robert M.; Hl, Williams

doi:10.1136/vr.77.36.1043

Cited by 12 publications

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“…The period of Cu accumulation before growth rate was affected was 12 weeks. Our results agree with those of Hill and Williams (1965) in that growth rate was affected during the period of liver Cu accumulation in lambs given diets containing 33-5 and 67-5 mg Cu per kg DM. These results are in contrast to those reported by Hill and Williams (1965), who found a significantly reduced daily gain throughout a feeding trial in lambs given concentrates containing 26-6 and 40-7 mg Cu per kg DM.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A possible reason for the discrepancy in the Hill and Williams (1965) studies was the omission of supplemental Zn from the experimental diets. Thus, elevated dietary Cu under conditions of marginal Zn supply could result in Zn deficiency, which in turn, would be expected to cause a reduction in growth rate of lambs (Mills, Dalgarno, Williams and Quarterman, 1967).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sheep differ from most other a n d t K a J & ^ o f d i s e a s e s o f , a n t s an.mal species in their sensitivity to copper ^ a m m a , | a n d o / c a s i o n a l l y a n i m a l s h a v e ingested toxic quantities of Cu used in this t Present address: Agricultural Research Station of way. Sheep receiving potentially dangerous amounts of Cu in their diet may appear clinically normal for some weeks or even months, although a decreased weight gain in growing lambs on a high Cu diet has been reported (Hill and Williams, 1965). the herbage of orchards treated with sprays containing Cu (Fincham, 1945;Ogilvie, 1954).…”

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Comparative study of chronic copper poisoning in lambs and young goats

1990

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Eighteen lambs (L) and 18 goats (G), 12 weeks of age, were allocated in equal numbers to three diets. The basal (B) diet had no added copper (Cu) while the other two had 30 or 60 mg added Cu per kg dry matter (DM) as CuSO 4 .5H 2 O. Lambs and goats were housed and fed individually. After 67 days, deaths from Cu toxicity occurred only in lambs from groups L-30 (basal diet + 30 mg Cu per kg DM) and L-60 (basal diet + 60 mg Cu per kg DM). The remaining lambs and all of the goats were slaughtered at 91 and 137 days respectively.A decreased food intake and loss of weight were observed in some lambs towards the end of the experiment which appeared to be associated with an approaching haemolytic crisis. The additional dietary Cu had a positive effect on food conversion efficiency only in the early stages of the experiment in both lambs and goats. None of the goats died or lost weight.Plasma Cu concentrations and serum glutamate oxalacetate transaminase and creatine kinase activities were elevated in lambs of groups L-30 and L-60 after 2 months, while in goats the concentrations were in normal ranges during the whole experimental period.Additional dietary Cu increased significantly the Cu concentrations of liver, kidney, muscle, spleen, heart, brain, hair and faeces in both lambs and goats. Additional Cu decreased the fresh and dry liver weights of lambs and the liver to live weight ratio whereas the corresponding values for kidneys were increased. The differences between groups of goats in fresh or dry liver and kidney weights were not significant, though the fresh and dry liver weights tended to be higher in groups G-30 and G-60 compared with those in the group G-B.The amount of Cu stored in the livers of the lambs was six to nine times higher than that of the goats. Differences in Cu storage between lambs and goats may be related to species differences in Cu utilization and hence resistance to Cu toxicity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative study of chronic copper poisoning in lambs and young goats

1990

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“…(Mills et al 1967). Our results disagree with those of Hill and Williams (1965) and strengthen the observation of MacPherson and Hemingway (1965) Todd and Thompson (1963) found an in-poisoning in sheep report no effect of high crease in blood hemoglobin and hematocrit dietary copper on blood or plasma copper 7-10 days before the hemolytic crisis in cop-during the period of liver copper accumulaper-poisoned sheep. Sheep received extra tion (Todd and Thompson 1963 Serum cholesterol and triglyceride were found to be significantly higher in copperdeficient rats compared to coppersupplemented rats (Petering et al 1977 …”

contrasting

confidence: 57%

Chronic Copper Toxicity in Lambs: A Survey of Blood Constituent Responses

Buckley¹,

Tait²

1981

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Blood chemistry of lambs was studied during the period of liver copper accumulation in chronic copper toxicity. In trial 1, dietary copper was 10.9, 17.8 and 25.2 mg/kg. During a 10-wk feeding trial no mortalities due to copper toxicity and no differences in growth rate were found (P > 0.05). At slaughter, liver copper levels were 239, 454 and 721 μg/g of dry matter, respectively (P < 0.05). There was no response to added dietary copper for hematocrit, ferroxidase, aspartate aminotransferase, allantoin, plasma protein, catalase, molybdenum or plasma copper (P > 0.05). In trial 2, dietary copper was 9.1 and 37.3 mg/kg. Lambs were individually fed for an 11-wk feeding trial. No mortalities or difference in growth occurred (P > 0.05). At slaughter, liver copper levels were 372 and 1109 μg/g of dry matter, respectively (P < 0.05). Plasma aspartate aminotransferase was elevated in response to added dietary copper (P < 0.05). No effect due to added dietary copper was found with superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase, ferroxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, plasma protein, hemoglobin, plasma copper, calcium, inorganic phosphate, cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid, urea nitrogen or hematocrit (P > 0.05). Only plasma aspartate aminotransferase and liver copper concentration could be considered useful indicators of high copper status.

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“…These two breeds Cu/day. Hill & Williams (1965) recorded a marked differ in the efficiency at which they absorb Cu increase in storage of Cu in the liver when the intake from diets of low Cu content (Wiener et al 1978) of Cu of Suffolk lambs was increased from 11 to and in their ability to retain Cu in their livers from 37 mg Cu/day but little further increase in lambs diets of high Cu content (Herbert, Wiener & Field, consuming 53 mg Cu/day for 7 weeks. It would 1978).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The long-term accumulation and depletion of copper in the liver of different breeds of sheep fed diets of differing copper content

Woolliams¹,

Suttle

Wiener³

et al. 1983

J. Agric. Sci.

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Changes in Cu concentration in the livers of adult Scottish Blackface (B), Welsh Mountain (W) and B x W ewes fed diets containing 4, 9, 17 and 29 mg Cu/kg D.M. were measured over a 28-week period. Measurement continued during two further periods of 18 weeks when first all sheep were fed the diet containing 4 mg Cu/kg D.M. and finally, when 4 mg Mo/kg D.M. was added to this diet.During the first period the increase on all diets was least in B ewes and, apart from the 4 mg Cu/kg D.M. diet, greatest in W ewes; this difference increased as the Cu in the diet increased. The rate of increase for all ewes diminished towards the end of the period. All breed types retained proportionately less Cu in their livers as the Cu in the diet increased; at one extreme B ewes fed 17 or 29 mg Cu/kg D.M. retained equal amounts.When during the second period all sheep were fed the 4 mg Cu/kg D.M. diet the Cu concentration in their livers decreased, the rate of decrease being greatest for ewes whose mean concentration in the liver was highest, but at similar concentrations the decrease was greater in B than W ewes. During the final period the decrease was faster and was again associated with the mean Cu concentration, but the decrease was not significantly affected by breed.Throughout the trial, W ewes had the highest concentration of Cu in their plasma, whilst B ewes and ewes fed the 4 mg Cu/kg D.M. diet throughout had the lowest concentrations both in plasma and in their kidneys at slaughter.The results show that breeds differ in their ability to retain Cu from the diet in their livers. The magnitude of these differences depends on the intake of Cu and Mo from the diet and is affected by the concentration of Cu in the liver. Breed differences in the absorption and endogenous loss of Cu are suggested.

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The effects on intensively reared lambs of diets containing excess copper

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative study of chronic copper poisoning in lambs and young goats

Comparative study of chronic copper poisoning in lambs and young goats

Chronic Copper Toxicity in Lambs: A Survey of Blood Constituent Responses

The long-term accumulation and depletion of copper in the liver of different breeds of sheep fed diets of differing copper content

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