The efficacy and safety of levobupivacaine administered by lumbosacral epidural route in conscious sheep

DeRossi, Rafael; Silva-Neto, Amadeu Batista; Pompermeyer, C. T.; Frazílio, Fabrício Oliveira; Jardim, Paulo H.A.; Barros, Andrea C.L. de

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.11.006

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, these values were still within normal range. Increase in heart rate may occur due to stress [ 26 ] induced by pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg posture in the animals of our study as tachycardia has not been reported after epidural anaesthesia with ropivacaine in goats not subjected to any type of surgery [ 9 , 15 ]. However, supplementation of a tranquilizer/sedative along with epidural anaesthesia in goats undergoing laparoscopy needs to be evaluated in future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Two Doses of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride for Lumbosacral Epidural Anaesthesia in Goats Undergoing Laparoscopy Assisted Embryo Transfer

Khajuria

Fazili

Shah

et al. 2014

International Scholarly Research Notices

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Goats (n = 12) undergoing laparoscopy assisted embryo transfer were randomly allotted to two groups (I and II) and injected same volume of ropivacaine hydrochloride at 1.0 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg body weight, respectively, at the lumbosacral epidural space. The hind quarters of all the animals were lifted up for the first 3.0 minutes following injection. Immediately after induction the animals were restrained in dorsal recumbency in Trendelenburg position in a cradle. Laparoscopy was performed after achieving pneumoperitoneum using filtered room air. Regional analgesia and changes in physiological parameters were recorded. The mean induction time in animals of group I (n = 6) was 12.666 ± 1.994 minutes. In these animals the analgesia extended up to the umbilical region and lasted for 60 minutes. Only two animals in group II were satisfactorily induced in 11.333 ± 2.333 minutes. In animals of group I, the time taken for regaining the full motor power was significantly long (405 ± 46.314 min) when compared to group II goats (95 ± 9.219 min). From this study it was concluded that ropivacaine did not produce adequate analgesia in most of the goats at 0.5 mg/kg. When used at 1.0 mg/kg, it produced satisfactory regional analgesia lasting for one hour but the prolonged motor loss precludes its use. Additional studies using ropivacaine hydrochloride at doses in between the two extremes used here may be undertaken before recommending it for lumbosacral anaesthesia in goats undergoing laparoscopy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Two Doses of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride for Lumbosacral Epidural Anaesthesia in Goats Undergoing Laparoscopy Assisted Embryo Transfer

Khajuria

Fazili

Shah

et al. 2014

International Scholarly Research Notices

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“…In these studies there was a wider distribution of MB in the epidural space than indicated by dermatomal analgesia. Nevertheless, in sheep the maximum degree of dermatome block obtained after the epidural injection of a volume of 0.16 mL/kg was T12–T13 [22], and this is a wider distribution than the number of stained vertebra observed after the epidural injection of 0.2 mL/kg MB in non-pregnant sheep [15]. This discrepancy is likely due to differences between species, although it could also be due to different local anaesthetics with different physicochemical properties, volumes and concentrations used in each study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Distribution of Methylene Blue after Injection into the Epidural Space of Anaesthetized Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Sheep

et al. 2014

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The aim of the study was to determine the distribution of different volumes of methylene blue solution injected into the epidural space in anaesthetized pregnant and non-pregnant sheep, to evaluate its cranial distribution and to compare between them. Fifteen pregnant and fifteen non-pregnant sheep were included in the study. Sheep were anaesthetized and received 0.05, 0.1, or 0.2 mL/kg of a lumbosacral epidural solution containing 0.12% methylene blue in 0.9% saline. Thirty minutes after the epidural injection, the ewes were euthanized. The extension of the dye within the epidural space was measured, and the correlation between the volume of the dye injected and the number of stained vertebrae was evaluated. The cranial migration of the dye between pregnant and non-pregnant sheep was also compared. The results show that the volume of methylene blue injected epidurally into pregnant and non-pregnant sheep correlated directly with its cephalic distribution into the epidural space; and a volume of 0.1 mL/kg or 0.2 mL/kg stained up to the first lumbar segment in pregnant and non-pregnant sheep, respectively. Also, the results suggest that the volume of drugs administered into the epidural space of pregnant sheep should be half the volume that would be used in non-pregnant sheep.

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“…Lumbosacral epidural analgesia is a widely used technique for providing regional anaesthesia and analgesia in sheep undergoing infraumbilical, flank, perineal and lower limb surgeries; for prolonging its effect, a wide range of adjuvants has been used in combination with local anaesthetics to promote analgesia (DeRossi and others 2012a, Guedes and others 2006, DeRossi and others 2012b). Decrease of side effects (hypotension and motor block) and improvement in analgesic effect seem to be compelling reasons for recommending the combination of different classes of drugs in routine clinical practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fentanyl and methadone used as adjuncts to bupivacaine for lumbosacral epidural analgesia in sheep

et al. 2017

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Six healthy, female, mixed-breed 18-24-month-old sheep weighing 30-48 kg were submitted to lumbosacral epidural bupivacaine in combination with either methadone or fentanyl. Epidural catheters were placed in six sheep that were given three treatments: (Bup) bupivacaine (0.5 mg/kg) alone; (BupMet) bupivacaine (0.25 mg/kg) plus methadone (0.3 mg/kg); and (BupFent) bupivacaine (0.25 mg/kg) plus fentanyl (0.002 mg/kg). Haemodynamic variables, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, analgesia by applying a standard painful stimulus, motor block and sedative scores were compared among the three treatments. These parameters were determined before epidural administration and at 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes after treatment administration, and then every 60 minutes thereafter until the end of analgesic effect. Parametrical data were analysed by proc glimmix (SAS) for repeated measures on time and means tested by ls-means. Non-parametrical data were analysed by Fisher's exact test. Duration of analgesia was longer with BupMet (240 minutes) compared with BupFent (180 minutes; P=0.0127), but BupMet was similar to Bup (240 minutes). Both treatments with opioids produced moderate motor blockade. BupMet and BupFent produced mild sedation. Only treatment with bupivacaine alone induced cardiovascular and respiratory rate changes that stayed within acceptable limits.

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The efficacy and safety of levobupivacaine administered by lumbosacral epidural route in conscious sheep

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Comparison of Two Doses of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride for Lumbosacral Epidural Anaesthesia in Goats Undergoing Laparoscopy Assisted Embryo Transfer

Comparison of Two Doses of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride for Lumbosacral Epidural Anaesthesia in Goats Undergoing Laparoscopy Assisted Embryo Transfer

Distribution of Methylene Blue after Injection into the Epidural Space of Anaesthetized Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Sheep

Fentanyl and methadone used as adjuncts to bupivacaine for lumbosacral epidural analgesia in sheep

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