The efficacy of Copper Oxide, Tri-calcium Phosphate and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles in Controlling Black Scurf Disease of Potato

Abstract

Black scurf disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani, was a serious and common disease on potato worldwide. Effect of nanoparticles forms of Tri-calcium phosphate, copper oxide and silicon dioxide nanoparticle was evaluated at five concentrations to control black scurf disease in vitro and in vivo. Examination of treated R. solani with different tested nanoparticle was done using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Activities of defense related enzyme were determined in artificially inoculated potato plants and tubers (cv. Spunta) with R solani. Physical characteristics of tested nanoparticles exhibit that all of them are spherical in shape and varied in their sizes. Also, all tested nanoparticles exhibited inhibitory effect of R. solani. Non-copper oxide was the most effective one (56.42 %) in suppressing the mycelial growth of R. solani at concentration 250 µl/L. The TEM examination of treated R. solani with different nanoparticles exhibit that instability they caused in cell wall thickness, abnormalities of nucleus and disappearance of nuclear membrane. All tested nanoparticles reduced of incidence and severity% of black scurf disease at concentrations 150 and 200 µl/L. during 2014 and 2015 seasons. Results cleared also that treating potato plants with different tested nanoparticles affected positively the activities of poly phenoloxidase, peroxidase, catalase and chitinase enzymes in leaves and tubers.

Antifungal Potential of Nanostructured Crystalline Copper and Its Oxide Forms

“…Numerous studies have reported the antimicrobial activity of Cu-NPs against several fungi [43][44][45][46]. The results of the present study indicate that all of the copper forms hyphal growth in a dose dependent manner, with Cu-NPs and CuO-NPs showing the most inhibiting effect against the pathogen.…”

“…growth and conidia germination when treated with copper sulfate. Meanwhile, nanoforms of copper have been reported to exert biocidal effects on different classes of fungi [41][42][43][44][45][46]. However, there are only a couple of reports on the influence of Cu-NPs on C. gloeosp.…”

Efficacy of Copper Oxide and Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles on Controlling Black Scurf Disease on Potato

“…The efficacy was high at concentration 200 mg/L and decreased with decreasing the concentration. Similar results were given by El-Shewy et al (2019) who reported that CuONPs inhibited the growth of R. solani by 55.19 % at concentration 200 μl/L. The recent study of Oussou-Azo et al (2020) demonstrated that the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeoesporioides was inhibited by 76.8% with Cu-NP at concentrations of 200 mg/ml.…”

“…Due to their unique smaller size, larger surface area and better stability, NPs can serve as a preferable chemical (pesticide) delivery system and may also enhance crop yield by nutrient and water management (Rai et al, 2018), suggesting that nanotechnology is being a promising application approach for sustainable agriculture. An array of publications has been demonstrated the antifungal toxicity of CuONPs towards Phytophthora infestans (Giannousi et al, 2013) Ismail, A.M. and phytopathogenic fungi, such as A. alternata and Botrytis cinerea (Ouda, 2014), A. alternata, Fusariun oxysporum, Curuvularia lunata and Phoma distructiva (Kanhed et al, 2014), tomato Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt (Elmer and White, 2016), R. solani (El-Shewy et al, 2019) and powdery mildew of rose (Hao et al, 2019), Furthermore, MgONPs have enormous potential as antifungal agent against fungal diseases caused by R. solani (El-Argawy et al, 2017), A. alternata, F. oxysporum, Rhizopus stolonifer, and Mucor plumbeus (Wani and Shah, 2012), F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Parizi et al, 2014) and P. nicotianae and Thielaviopsis basicola (Chen et al, 2020).…”

Transcriptomic changes in green bean pods against grey mould and white rot diseases via field application of chemical elicitor nanoparticles

“…While, Cao et al [33] stated that CuNPs exhibited a powerful antifungal activity against Corticium salmonicolour when sprayed on pink disease infected rubber trees. Also, Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 and CuO NPs reduced infection percentage and disease severity of black scurf of potato tuber caused by R. solani [34].…”