The efficacy of eprinomectin against induced infections of immature (fourth larval stage) and adult nematode parasites in cattle

Pitt, S.R.; Langholff, Wayne; Eagleson, J.S.; Rehbein, Steffen

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00035-6

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Eprinomectin is an antiparasitic drug which is preferable both for gastrointestinal and lungworm infections since it leaves neglectible residue levels in cattle (Shoop et al , 1996; Alvinerie et al , 1999b), sheep (Hodošček et al , 2008) and goat milk (Alvinerie et al , 1999a; Dupuy et al , 2001). In previous studies performed (Shoop et al , 1996; Pitt et al , 1997; Williams et al , 1997; Cramer et al , 2000; Höglund et al , 2003), eprinomectin has been reported to be very effective against D . viviparus , which is a cattle lungworm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…It is available on the market at a pour-on dose of 0.5 mg/kg for cattle (Shoop et al , 1996). Eprinomectin has been reported to be highly effective against ectoparasite infestations in farm animals (Aguirre et al , 2005; Rehbein et al , 2005; Habela et al , 2006), immature and adult gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle (Shoop et al , 1996; Pitt et al , 1997; Williams et al , 1997; Cramer et al , 2000) and Dictyocaulus viviparus (Shoop et al , 1996; Pitt et al , 1997; Williams et al , 1997; Cramer et al , 2000; Höglund et al , 2003). Evaluation of the effect of eprinomectin against lungworm infections in small ruminants has been performed in goats only and has been reported to be 100% effective against Muellerius capillaris (Geurden & Vercruysse, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of eprinomectin pour-on treatment in sheep naturally infected withDictyocaulus filariaandCystocaulus ocreatus

2011

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The efficacy of eprinomectin on Dictyocaulus filaria and Cystocaulus ocreatus in naturally infected sheep was evaluated in the present study. In total, 30 infected sheep were randomly divided into two groups: treated (n = 15) and untreated (n = 15). A single pour-on dose of eprinomectin (0.5 mg/kg) was administered to the treated group. No medication was used in the untreated group. Faecal larval counts were performed on pre-treatment (day 0) and post-treatment (days 7, 14, 21 and 42) days. Eprinomectin was found to be 100% effective against D. filaria on day 7 post-treatment when compared with the untreated group and it maintained this effect on days 14, 21 and 42. However, the decrease in faecal larval count of C. ocreatus was found to be 86, 86 and 91%, on days 14, 21 and 42, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of eprinomectin pour-on treatment in sheep naturally infected withDictyocaulus filariaandCystocaulus ocreatus

2011

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“…The selection of eprinomectin for the development programme at Merck was the result of a large screening process based on e¤cacy, pharmacokinetics, and milk-to-plasma partition behaviour (Shoop et al, 1996). Like ivermectin, eprinomectin provides a broad spectrum of activity against nematodes and arthropods (Barth et al, 1997;Pitt et al, 1997;Holste et al, 1998;Chartier et al, 1999), while it exhibits a higher potency against endoparasites than abamectin, ivermectin, doramectin and moxidectin (Shoop et al, 2001). Furthermore, eprinomectin exhibits a very favourable milk-to-plasma partition ratio (M/P = 0.17), resulting in low residue in milk (Shoop et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of Eprinomectin in Plasma and Milk following Subcutaneous Administration to Lactating Dairy Cattle

et al. 2006

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Eprinomectin is only available as a topically applied anthelmintic for dairy cattle. To determine whether eprinomectin can be applied as an injectable formulation in dairy cattle, a novel injectable formulation was developed and was subcutaneously delivered to four lactating dairy cattle at a dose rate of 0.2 mg/ kg. Plasma and milk samples were collected. The concentrations of eprinomectin in all samples were determined by HPLC. The peak plasma concentration (C(max))of 44.0+/-24.2 ng/ml occurred 39+/-19.3 h after subcutaneous administration, equivalent to the C(max) (43.76+/-18.23 ng/ml) previously reported for dairy cattle after a pour-on administration of 0.5 mg/kg eprinomectin. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) after subcutaneous administration was 7354+/-1861 (ng h)/ml, higher than that obtained after pour-on delivery (5737.68+/-412.80 (ng h)/ml). The mean residence time (MRT) of the drug in plasma was 211+/-55.2 h. Eprinomectin was detected in the milk at the second sampling time. The concentration of drug in milk was parallel to that in plasma, with a milk to plasma ratio of 0.16+/-0.01. The highest detected concentration of eprinomectin in milk was 9.0 ng/ml, below the maximum residue limit (MRL) of eprinomectin in milk established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives in 2000. The amount of eprinomectin recovered in the milk during this trial was 0.39%+/-0.08% of the total administered dose. This study demonstrates that subcutaneous administration of eprinomectin led to higher bioavailability and a lower dose than a pour-on application, and that an injectable formulation of eprinomectin may be applied in dairy cattle with a zero withdrawal period.

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“…Eprinomectin, a second-generation macrocyclic lactone endectocide, has been shown to be consistently more than 99% eective against adult and immature stages of the major nematode parasites of cattle, including Cooperia species, Dictyocaulus viviparus, Nematodirus helvetianus and Ostertagia ostertagi (Gogolewski et al 1997a, b;Pitt et al 1997;Williams et al 1997) when applied topically to the animals. A lower distribution to the milk of lactating cattle (Shoop et al 1996) allows a zero milk-withholding period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Persistent efficacy of topical eprinomectin against nematode parasites in cattle

Cramer¹,

Pitt²,

Rehbein³

et al. 2000

Parasitology Research

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Six studies were conducted to evaluate the persistent efficacy of eprinomectin pour-on against experimental challenges with infective nematode larvae in calves. In each study, calves were randomly assigned to one untreated group and up to four test groups, which were treated with eprinomectin at 500 microg/kg body weight at weekly intervals before single bolus challenge. The calves were necropsied approximately 4 weeks after challenge infection for nematode recovery. Eprinomectin pour-on provided > or =90% efficacy against challenge with Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei and T. colubriformis at 21 days after treatment and against Cooperia oncophora, C. punctata, C. surnabada, Dictyocaulus viviparus, Nematodirus helvetianus, Oesophagostomum radiatum and Ostertagia ostertagi at 28 days after treatment.

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The efficacy of eprinomectin against induced infections of immature (fourth larval stage) and adult nematode parasites in cattle

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

Efficacy of eprinomectin pour-on treatment in sheep naturally infected withDictyocaulus filariaandCystocaulus ocreatus

Efficacy of eprinomectin pour-on treatment in sheep naturally infected withDictyocaulus filariaandCystocaulus ocreatus

Pharmacokinetics of Eprinomectin in Plasma and Milk following Subcutaneous Administration to Lactating Dairy Cattle

Persistent efficacy of topical eprinomectin against nematode parasites in cattle

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