The Efficacy of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Pain, Stiffness, and Physical Function in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background. Although there are many pharmacological interventions for adults with osteoarthritis (OA) who do not meet the indications for surgery, side effects and adverse effects cannot be ignored. Physical interventions are known for their effectiveness and safety, and pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have already been applied to skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis. Objective. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to assess the efficacy of PEMF on the major symptoms of patients with OA compared with efficacy of other interventions. Methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating OA patients treated with PEMF and with pain, stiffness, and physical function impairment since 2009 were included. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores were used for assessment. All extracted data were analyzed using RevMan V.5.3. Results. Eleven RCTs consisting of 614 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis, of which 10 trials comprised knee OA and one comprised hand OA. Compared with the control groups, the PEMF treatment yielded a more favorable output. PEMF alleviated pain (standardized mean differences [SMD] = 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08–1.34, p = 0.03), improved stiffness (SMD = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.45–2.23, p = 0.003 ), and restored physical function (SMD = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.49–2.55, p = 0.004 ). Conclusions. PEMF therapy ameliorates OA symptoms such as pain, stiffness, and physical function in patients compared to other conservative treatments. There is an urgent need to search for different types of OA in multiple locations.

Why Does Rehabilitation Not (Always) Work in Osteoarthritis? Does Rehabilitation Need Molecular Biology?

“…The positive effect of pulsed magnetic field was concluded by Yang et al in a meta-analysis study [92] confirming the positive effect of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy used for OA treatment on pain reduction, stiffness and physical function. The coherent results were presented by Tong et al [96].…”

Effects of Warm Needle Acupuncture plus Xitong Waixi Lotion in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…In addition, the clinical efficacy of TCM in treating chronic diseases is remarkable and cost-effective [ 29 ]. For instance, in diabetes mellitus, TCM can effectively alleviate the disease by adjusting the patient's diet [ 30 ], facilitate the rehabilitation of hemiplegia, arthritis, and lumbar disc herniation, and improve the quality of life of patients using acupuncture [ 31 ]. The advantage of Chinese medicine is to improve the overall state of the human body and to improve the nutritional status of the joints from a macroscopic point of view, for example, through the use of various herbs to relax the tendons and activate blood [ 32 ].…”

Clinical Efficacy of Bisphosphonates in Treating Osteoporosis in Diabetes Patients: A Meta-Analysis

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