The efficiency of cyproconazole and fludioxonil for plant protection against the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea

Abstract

The effect of two active ingredients of fungicides on pure culture of Botrytis cinerea Pers was assessed. The analysis was carried out for 16 possible combinations of cyproconazole and fludioxanil, one of which was a control one. According to the results of measurements of the dry weight of mycelium in an accumulative culture, a diagram was constructed and two-factor analysis of variance was given. It has been established that the combined effect of these fungicides has a significant effect on the growth of mycelium. The following combinations had significant effect: fludioxonil at maximum concentration (0:10), 1 part of cyproconazole and 10 parts of fludioxonil (1:10), 5 parts of cyproconazole and parts of 10 fludioxonil (5:10), 10 parts of cyproconazole and 5 parts of fludioxonil (10:5), and the maximum concentrations of two substances (10:10).

Biochemical Study of The Ameliorative Influences of Fennel Oil against Cyproconazole-Induced Adrenal Gland Damage in Albino Rats

“…Table (1) and figure (5 A) in this study showed the genotoxic potential of CPZ on adrenal gland cells, as well as the protective impact of fennel oil. This genotoxic impact was proved as an increase with statistical significance (P ≤ 0.05) in the proportion of comet-tail DNA in the nuclei of adrenal gland cells.…”

“…Triazoles have rapidly become some of the most profitable and commonly used fungicides in the world due to their efficacy in treating a variety of fungal infections in plant crops and vegetables. CPZ is one of these triazoles that is widely used across the world (1) . However, the experimental findings in non-target species demonstrate a variety of undesirable toxic effects of triazoles on organisms, including oxidative stress and endocrine disruption (2) .…”

“…Conazoles fall into two main categories; triazoleand imidazole-containing conazoles. Cyproconazole (CPZ), one of the most popular triazole fungicides, is applied to safeguard against a vast range of fungal infections threaten fruits, vegetables, and field crops (1) . Due to their chemical durability, triazole fungicides are widely disseminated in the environment and enriched throughout the food chain.…”

Decrease of the negative impact on environment of protectants of seed which contain tebuconazole and prochloraz for sustainable agricultural development

“…It is known that many fungicides, in addition to the protective effect, have a toxic effect both independently [20] and indirectly, through the effect on the production of mycotoxins. Consequently, fungicides can be, on the one hand, in themselves toxic to plants, and on the other hand, they can contribute to the production of toxins by the fungus.…”