“…Many also see it as an opportunity to continue the use of coal for power generation (IEA/OECD, 2017b). However, the expected rate of technological and economic progress of CCTS and the implementation of large-scale CCTS projects has not, so far, been achieved, neither for coal-fired power plants with CCTS, nor for CCTS in other sectors (Hirschhausen, Herold, & Oei, 2012;Mendelevitch, Kemfert, Oei, & von Hirschhausen, 2018;Schlissel & Wamsted, 2018). Costs of new as well as retrofitted CCTS-equipped coal-fired power generation units are currently prohibitively high compared to new gas-fired power plants and renewables, and expectations for cost reductions of CCTS technology are low (EIA, 2018b;Schlissel & Wamsted, 2018).…”