The Electromagnetic Emissions and Plasma Modulations at Middle Latitudes Related to SURA‐CSES Experiments in 2018

Abstract

A total of 17 SURA‐China Seismo‐Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) experiments in 2018 have been summarized and analyzed in multiple parameters detected in the topside ionosphere at altitude of 507 km from CSES. Most of them were fulfilled with underdense heating condition, and no any artificial density duct had been detected onboard CSES, but some plasma perturbations were actually observed in lower and topside ionosphere. Among them, different modulated waves were also transmitted by [power on, power off] and amplitude modulation modes on the pumping high‐frequency (HF) wave from SURA, and some were illustrated in HF electric field from CSES in local nighttime, one being verified at fmod in single component of very low frequency (VLF) electric field in local daytime. In addition, X mode‐emitted HF waves excited a filamentary structure on the existing VLF transmitters in local daytime, being different with those in O‐mode HF waves to enhance the VLF transmitter signals and widen their frequency band in local nighttime. These phenomena and their coupling process were discussed finally on the interaction of radio waves with plasma parameters in ionosphere.

Multi-Experiment Observations of Ionospheric Disturbances as Precursory Effects of the Indonesian Ms6.9 Earthquake on August 05, 2018

“…To reduce the effects of residual magnetism from the satellite platform, 6 booms are separately extended outside at different directions with a length of 5 m, where 4 are connected to the EFD sensor balls, one to the HPM experiment, and one to the SCM instrument. Zhang [32,33] have described in details the position of the four booms related to electric field experiment, where Ball-a is almost along the −Y direction, Ball-b with 45 • to −X and −Z, Ball-c with 45 • to +X and −Z, and Ball-d with 30 • to +Y and 60 • to +Z (X, Y, Z is in satellite coordinate with +X to the satellite flight direction, +Z to the Earth, and +Y being the right-handed crossing direction of Z to X). On the satellite, three spectral components, at three directions between two balls of a-b, c-d, and a-d, are calculated and averaged each 2.048 s in SURVEY mode.…”