“…Its coincidence rate is 78% compared with in vivo test results (21). The EST has been successfully used to classify the embryotoxicity of a large number of chemical compounds (25).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The accuracy of the EST assay was 78%. Notably, a predictivity of 100% was attained for strong embryotoxicants (21). As a result, the validated EST has been accepted for assessing the embryotoxicity of test compounds at an early stage of development (22).…”
Abstract. Rhizoma Atractylodes macrocephala, RadixIsatidis, Coptis chinensis and Flos Genkwa are common herbal remedies used by pregnant woman in China. In this study, their potential embryotoxicity was assessed using the embryonic stem cell test (EST) and a prediction model. The potential embryotoxicity of the herbs was based on three endpoints: the concentrations of the compounds that inhibited the proliferation of 50% of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) (IC 50 ES), the concentrations that inhibited 50% of 3T3 cells (IC 50 3T3), and the concentrations that inhibited the differentiation of 50% of ESCs (ID 50 ES). The results revealed that Rhizoma Atractylodes macrocephala and Radix Isatidis are non-embryotoxic compounds. Coptis chinensis extracts appeared to demonstrated weak embryotoxicity, and Flos Genkwa exhibited strong embryotoxicity. These results may be useful in guiding the clinical use of these herbs and in expanding the application of the EST to the field of traditional Chinese medicine.
“…Its coincidence rate is 78% compared with in vivo test results (21). The EST has been successfully used to classify the embryotoxicity of a large number of chemical compounds (25).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The accuracy of the EST assay was 78%. Notably, a predictivity of 100% was attained for strong embryotoxicants (21). As a result, the validated EST has been accepted for assessing the embryotoxicity of test compounds at an early stage of development (22).…”
Abstract. Rhizoma Atractylodes macrocephala, RadixIsatidis, Coptis chinensis and Flos Genkwa are common herbal remedies used by pregnant woman in China. In this study, their potential embryotoxicity was assessed using the embryonic stem cell test (EST) and a prediction model. The potential embryotoxicity of the herbs was based on three endpoints: the concentrations of the compounds that inhibited the proliferation of 50% of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) (IC 50 ES), the concentrations that inhibited 50% of 3T3 cells (IC 50 3T3), and the concentrations that inhibited the differentiation of 50% of ESCs (ID 50 ES). The results revealed that Rhizoma Atractylodes macrocephala and Radix Isatidis are non-embryotoxic compounds. Coptis chinensis extracts appeared to demonstrated weak embryotoxicity, and Flos Genkwa exhibited strong embryotoxicity. These results may be useful in guiding the clinical use of these herbs and in expanding the application of the EST to the field of traditional Chinese medicine.
“…Remarkably, a predictivity of 100% was obtained for strong embryotoxicants. As a consequence, the validated EST has been accepted and successfully introduced by many pharmaceutical companies as a tool for testing the developmental toxicity of lead compounds at an early stage in R&D toward new drug candidates (Paquette et al 2008; Whitlow et al 2007). Fig.…”
On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the Center for Alternative Methods to Animal Experiments (ZEBET), an international symposium was held at the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) in Berlin. At the same time, this symposium was meant to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the publication of the book “The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique” by Russell and Burch in 1959 in which the 3Rs principle (that is, Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) has been coined and introduced to foster the development of alternative methods to animal testing. Another topic addressed by the symposium was the new vision on “Toxicology in the twenty-first Century”, as proposed by the US-National Research Council, which aims at using human cells and tissues for toxicity testing in vitro rather than live animals. An overview of the achievements and current tasks, as well as a vision of the future to be addressed by ZEBET@BfR in the years to come is outlined in the present paper.
“…It is frequently forgotten, however, that most research in the field addresses technical problems within already established concepts (e.g. Montag et al, 2007;Whitlow et al, 2007;Rothen-Rutishauser et al, 2008;Heindl et al, 2008;Wanner and Schreiner, 2008;li, 2008a,b; (Hartung, 2007b;leist et al, 2008b). legal and regulatory issues exist, in addition to conceptual and psychological barriers.…”
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