2021
DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822290-4.00009-8
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The emotional disorders associated with multiple sclerosis

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Cited by 13 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…The psychiatric manifestations of MS may include major depression, bipolar disorder, psychosis, anxiety, insomnia, personality changes, cognitive impairment, pseudobulbar affect, and substance use disorders [5]. However, their relationship with MS is complex and the extent to which they might be reactive to countless psychosocial factors or symptoms resultant of the pathological process itself remains unclear.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The psychiatric manifestations of MS may include major depression, bipolar disorder, psychosis, anxiety, insomnia, personality changes, cognitive impairment, pseudobulbar affect, and substance use disorders [5]. However, their relationship with MS is complex and the extent to which they might be reactive to countless psychosocial factors or symptoms resultant of the pathological process itself remains unclear.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A significant incidence and prevalence of psychological disorders in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been reported. However, the pathogenesis of their underlying mechanisms and the extent to which they are reactive to the MS pathological process itself has not been clearly delineated [5,18]. Psychiatric signs and symptoms associated with MS, either present initially prior to a definitive diagnosis of MS or more commonly with the disease progression [19].…”
Section: The Psychiatric Manifestations Of Ms and Their Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In female patients, however, other factors except low Vit D may influence BMD, such as gynecological factors ( 6 ), similarly with healthy females ( 7 , 8 ). Furthermore, MS patients exhibit several mood disorders, with depression seen most often, and also linked to lower Vit D levels ( 9 ). A recent study has also described an association between low Vit D levels, depression and osteoporosis with multiple sclerosis ( 10 ).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%