The Emotional Guardianship of Foreign-Born and Native-Born Hispanic Youth and Its Effect on Violent Victimization

Abstract

First and foremost, I would like to express my gratitude to my chair, Dr. Ojmarrh Mitchell, who from the beginning, has served as a pillar and a guide in completing my thesis. During this entire process, Dr. Mitchell was very thorough in his revisions and was always available to answer my questions. He served as my mentor and shared his wisdom throughout the course of this endeavor. He allowed me to draw from my own intellectual capacity and provided the finishing touches on those ideas. For these reasons, I will always be thankful for having served under his leadership and direction. I would like to thank my committee members, Dr. Wilson Palacios and Dr. Shayne Jones, who also contributed to the overall development and successful completion of this manuscript. Dr. Palacios assisted me with the merging of criminological and sociological theory, which led to the birth of my thesis idea. As for Dr. Jones, his assistance was provided both in and out of the classroom. Through his courses, I have been able to hone my writing skills, which was necessary and quite helpful throughout this process. His honesty and guidance also allowed me to better prepare for the daunting task of completing my thesis, for which I am truly grateful.

Immigration status and bullying victimization: Associations across national and school contexts

“…Barban & White, 2011). Our research supports earlier work conducted in the European context (Alivernini et al, 2019;Borraccino et al, 2018;Strohmeier et al, 2011), but is in contrast with previous US research showing more bullying victimization in later generations (Eggers & Mitchell, 2016;Peguero & Williams, 2013). In fact, in none of the European countries included in our study, did we find support for an 'immigrant paradox,' i.e., less bullying victimization among firstthan second-generation immigrants.…”

“…These contrasting theoretical notions are reflected in the available empirical literature. Studies conducted in the US seem to support the idea of an immigrant paradox by showing that victimization increased with immigrant generation, which was explained by an increase in deviant behavior and by a decrease in neighborhood safety with immigrant generation (Eggers & Mitchell, 2016;Peguero & Williams, 2013). In Europe, however, the 'immigrant paradox' has not received much support (Dimitrova, Chasiotis, & van de Vijver, 2016;Stevens et al, 2015).…”

“…Combining this with the notion that bullying involves differences in power and status, with the bully holding higher levels of power than the victim (Olweus, 1997), the immigration-bullying victimization link may be stronger for firstthan second-generation immigrant youth. Second and in contrast, the 'immigrant paradox' presupposes that immigrants from later generations face more stressors (Fuligni, 2012), due to lower levels of ethnic support and disillusion and frustration related to negative attitudes from the host population, leading to more delinquency and behavioral problems and subsequently more bullying victimization (Eggers & Mitchell, 2016;Peguero & Williams, 2013).…”

Race, Ethnicity, Risky Lifestyles, and Violent Victimization

“…We did not control for immigration status because we found it was not significantly related to violent victimization in our sample and our data set had a small percentage (12.2 %) of foreign-born individuals. Yet, studies generally show that immigrant status is a significant predictor of victimization, with Hispanic foreign-born youth being less likely to experience victimization than their native-born counterparts (Eggers & Jennings, 2014; Eggers & Mitchell, 2015). Second- and third-generation immigrant adolescents also have a greater risk of victimization compared to first-generation adolescents (Gibson & Ventura Miller, 2010; Koo, Peguero, & Shekarkhar, 2012; Peguero, 2009).…”

Violent victimization among immigrants: Using the National Violent Death Reporting System to examine foreign-born homicide victimization in the United States

“…Prior work has focused on how acculturation experiences influence victimization with immigrants becoming more accultured over time as well as how such experiences increase their offending, particularly through weakened family bonds and cultural values, in turn impacting victimization ( Sommers et al, 1994 ). Alternatively, some have suggested that immigrants are less likely to be victimized because their lifestyles and routine activities decrease risk factors ( Eggers and Mitchell, 2016 ).…”