The Emptying Time of the Stomach of Old People

Liere, Edward J. Van; Northup, D.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1941.134.4.719

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…This is in marked contrast to the reported 47Ca absorptive pattern of malabsorption syndromes with the characteristic delay in the appearance of plasma 47Ca after an oral dose and only minimal decline in plasma radioactivity once peak values have been attained (11). Since the rate of gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility are not altered in elderly persons (25) and since age-dependent absorption relations have also been reported for other substances such as strontium (26), magnesium (27), D-xylose (28), and vitamins B12 (29) and A (30), the observed decrease in calcium absorption with advancing age is considered to represent the normal physiological intestinal adjustment to senescence.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

The influence of age on the intestinal absorption of 47-Ca absorption in post-menopausal osteoporosis.

Avioli¹,

McDonald²,

Lee³

1965

J. Clin. Invest.

184

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The literature is still controversial regarding the intestinal absorption of calcium in osteoporosis, with conflicting reports of decreased absorption (1-4), increased absorption (5-7), and normal absorption (8-10). The apparent discrepancies in these reports may stem from a) the absence of a common isotopic absorption test wherein oral "7Ca doses of uniform specific activity are administered in the fasting state, b) wide variations in the amount and chemical form of the administered stable calcium carrier, c) inadequate identification of the osteoporotic disease process and its differentiation from osteomalacia, d) the lack of sufficient age-matched nonosteoporotic controls for comparison, and e) wide variations in dietary calcium intakes, which prohibit adequate comparison between individual reports.The lack of reported investigations in humans relating the absorptive capacity of the intestine to age and to osteoporosis and the availability of a simplied oral isotopic test of calcium absorption (11) prompted an evaluation of calcium absorption in 59 normal women of various ages and in 16 women with severe osteoporosis. MethodsThe normal population consisted of 59 women with an average age of 40 years (range, 12 to 85 years). This

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

The influence of age on the intestinal absorption of 47-Ca absorption in post-menopausal osteoporosis.

Avioli¹,

McDonald²,

Lee³

1965

J. Clin. Invest.

184

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“…time was unaltered by increasing age (50)(51)(52) The absorption of vitamin A in oral dose or feeding studies also depends on the resistance of the diffusion barrier at the intestinal cell surface. Hollander and Morgan (58) have shown in rats that the rate of uptake of radiolabeled vitamin A by perfused intestinal segments increases with advancing age, and have suggested that this finding is due to an age-related decrease in the resistance of the diffusion barrier at the intestinal cell surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postprandial plasma retinyl ester response is greater in older subjects compared with younger subjects. Evidence for delayed plasma clearance of intestinal lipoproteins.

Krasinski¹,

Cohn²,

Ej³

et al. 1990

J. Clin. Invest.

141

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Postprandial vitamin A and intestinal lipoprotein metabolism was studied in 86 healthy men and women, aged 19-76 yr. Three independent experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, a supplement dose of vitamin A (3,000 retinol equivalents [RE]) was given without a meal to 59 subjects, aged 22-76 yr. In the second experiment, 20 RE/kg body wt was given with a fat-rich meal (1 g fat/kg body wt) to seven younger subjects (aged < 50 yr) and seven older subjects (aged 50 yr). In both experiments, postprandial plasma retinyl ester response increased significantly with advancing age (P < 0.05).In the third experiment, retinyl ester-rich plasma was infused intravenously into nine young adult subjects (aged 18-30 yr) and nine elderly subjects (aged 60 yr), and the rate of retinyl ester disappearance from plasma during the subsequent 3 h was determined. Mean (±SE) plasma retinyl ester residence time was 31±4 min in the young adult subjects vs. 57±8 min in the elderly subjects (P < 0.05). These data are consistent with the concept that increased postprandial plasma retinyl ester concentrations in older subjects are due to delayed plasma clearance of retinyl esters in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins of intestinal origin. (J. Clin. Invest. 1990. 85:883-892.) retinyl ester * retinol * vitamin A * triglyceride-rich lipoprotein * chylomicron * atherosclerosis

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“…Although this is not the only potential explanation for high circulating glucose following meal consumption in elderly individuals (for example, delayed uptake of glucose by muscle and liver could also provide an explanation), most studies examining gastric emptying in relation to age have reported a decreased rate in the elderly (22,38,104,184,190). Delayed gastric emptying in general has been linked to reduced hunger and increased satiety (2,22,61,165,166), and thus may potentially contribute to increased satiety and satiation and/or decreased hunger in elderly.…”

Section: Glucose and Insulin As Potential Mediators Of Impaired Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Aging: Changes in the Regulation of Energy Metabolism With Aging

Roberts

Rosenberg²

2006

Physiological Reviews

295

187

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Changes in energy regulation occur during normal aging and contribute to the common phenomenon of weight and fat losses late in life. This review synthesizes data on aging-related changes in energy intake and energy expenditure and on the regulation of energy intake and expenditure. The ability of older adults to accurately regulate energy intake is impaired, with a number of possible explanations including delayed rate of absorption of macronutrients secondary to reductions in taste and smell acuity and numerous hormonal and metabolic mediators of energy regulation that change with aging. There are also changes in patterns of dietary intake and a reduction in the variety of foods consumed in old age that are thought to further reduce energy intake. Additionally, all components of energy expenditure decrease with aging, in particular energy expenditure for physical activity and basal metabolic rate, and the ability of energy expenditure to increase or decrease to attenuate energy imbalance during overeating or undereating also decreases. Combined, these changes result in an increased susceptibility to energy imbalance (both positive and negative) in old age that is associated with deteriorations in health. Practical interventions for prevention of weight and fat fluctuations in old age are anticipated here based on emerging knowledge of the role of such factors as dietary variety, taste, and palatability in late-life energy regulation.

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The Emptying Time of the Stomach of Old People

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

The influence of age on the intestinal absorption of 47-Ca absorption in post-menopausal osteoporosis.

The influence of age on the intestinal absorption of 47-Ca absorption in post-menopausal osteoporosis.

Postprandial plasma retinyl ester response is greater in older subjects compared with younger subjects. Evidence for delayed plasma clearance of intestinal lipoproteins.

Nutrition and Aging: Changes in the Regulation of Energy Metabolism With Aging

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