The Endomembrane System of the Fungal Cell

Bourett, Timothy M.; James, Steven W.; Howard, Richard J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70618-2_1

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 193 publications

(200 reference statements)

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“…com/definition/english/cist [accessed 23 Oct 2015] and Wiktionary via the Liddell-Scott-Jones Greek-English lexicon, 8th ed. ), which justifies using it to refer to individual Golgi units of any morphology, in agreement with the terminology used by (Bourett et al 2007) for the fungal Golgi and not just to the flattened saccules present normally in higher eukaryotes. Cisternae making up the Golgi apparatus can be classified according to various interdependent characteristics, such as their content in enzymes that glycosylate biosynthetic cargo (Farquhar 1985, Graham andEmr 1991) or in proteins that regulate membrane identity (Munro 2005), their lipid composition that defines the physical properties of the bilayer (Holthuis and Menon, 2014), as well as the membrane-traffic pathways operating to and from them (Papanikou and Glick 2014).…”

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confidence: 64%

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The Golgi apparatus: insights from filamentous fungi

Pantazopoulou

2016

Mycologia

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Cargo passage through the Golgi, albeit an undoubtedly essential cellular function, is a mechanistically unresolved and much debated process. Although the main molecular players are conserved, diversification of the Golgi among different eukaryotic lineages is providing us with tools to resolve standing controversies. During the past decade the Golgi apparatus of model filamentous fungi, mainly Aspergillus nidulans, has been intensively studied. Here an overview of the most important findings in the field is provided. Golgi architecture and dynamics, as well as the novel cell biology tools that were developed in filamentous fungi in these studies, are addressed. An emphasis is placed on the central role the Golgi has as a crossroads in the endocytic and secretory-traffic pathways in hyphae. Finally the major advances that the A. nidulans Golgi biology has yielded so far regarding our understanding of key Golgi regulators, such as the Rab GTPases RabC Rab6 and RabE Rab11 , the oligomeric transport protein particle, TRAPPII, and the Golgi guanine nucleotide exchange factors of Arf1, GeaA GBF1/Gea1 and HypB BIG/Sec7 , are highlighted.

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supporting

confidence: 64%

“…1A). In Aspergillus nidulans hyphae (Momany et al 2002, Bourett et al 2007 (FIG. 1B), as well as in the conidiophore stalk, metulae and phialidae (Mims et al 1988), Golgi bodies also are dispersed and their distribution is polarized toward the tip of the stalk and sterigmata.…”

Section: Filamentous Fungal Golgi In Electron Micrographsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Golgi apparatus: insights from filamentous fungi

Pantazopoulou

2016

Mycologia

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“…2005; Bowman & Free, 2006). All evidence indicates that this process takes place within an endomembrane system (Bourett et al, 2007) that is functionally equivalent to that of higher plants and animals, though a significant structural difference exists in the fungal Golgi apparatus, which consists of unstacked, dispersed cisternae termed 'Golgi equivalents' (Howard, 1981). (For the sake of brevity, this structure will be referred to simply as the 'Golgi' in this paper.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two GDP-mannose transporters contribute to hyphal form and cell wall integrity in Aspergillus nidulans

et al. 2008

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In order to identify novel genes affecting cell wall integrity, we have generated mutant strains of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans that show hypersensitivity to the chitin-binding agent Calcofluor White (CFW). Affected loci are designated cal loci. The phenotype of one of these alleles, calI11, also includes shortened hyphal compartments and increased density of branching in the absence of CFW, as well as reduced staining of cell walls by the lectin FITC-Concanavalin A (ConA), which has strong binding affinity for mannosyl residues. We have identified two A. nidulans genes (AN8848.3 and AN9298.3, designated gmtA and gmtB, respectively) that complement all aspects of the phenotype. Both genes show strong sequence similarity to GDPmannose transporters (GMTs) of Saccharomyces and other yeasts. Sequencing of gmtA from the calI11 mutant strain reveals a G to C mutation at position 943, resulting in a predicted alanine to proline substitution at amino acid position 315 within a region that is highly conserved among other fungi. No mutations were observed in the mutant strain's allele of gmtB. Meiotic mapping demonstrated a recombination frequency of under 1 % between the calI locus and the phenA locus (located~9.5 kb from AN8848.3), confirming that gmtA and calI are identical. A GmtA-GFP chimera exhibits a punctate distribution pattern, consistent with that shown by putative Golgi markers in A. nidulans. However, this distribution did not overlap with that of the putative Golgi equivalent marker CopA-monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP), which may indicate that the physically separated Golgi-equivalent organelles of A. nidulans represent physiologically distinct counterparts of the stacked cisternae of plants and animals. These findings demonstrate that gmtA and gmtB play roles in cell wall metabolism in A. nidulans similar to those previously reported for GMTs in yeasts.

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“…Abordagens como essas omitem informações e induzem o aluno a pensar que essas são as únicas organelas presentes nas células desses organismos. Porém, os fungos possuem outras organelas comuns às demais células eucarióticas, tais como complexo de Golgi e retículo endoplasmático liso e rugoso (ALEXOPOULOS et al, 1996;BOURETT et al, 2007). Outro ponto que merece atenção por parte dos autores é sobre a composição da parede celular dos fungos.…”

Section: Abordagem Teóricaunclassified

Análise Do Conteúdo De Fungos Nos Livros Didáticos De Biologia Do Ensino Médio

Silva¹,

Menolli²

2017

Rev. Ciênc. & Ideias

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Rua Pedro Vicente, 625 -Canindé -01109-010 -São Paulo/SP RESUMO O livro didático faz parte do cenário educacional brasileiro desde 1929 e atualmente é considerado um dos recursos pedagógicos mais difundidos em nosso país. Pesquisas recentes têm revelado que, mesmo com o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias, o livro didático continua sendo o companheiro mais fiel do professor e um recurso indispensável para os alunos. Nos últimos anos, o Ministério da Educação (MEC), preocupado com a qualidade desse recurso, vem realizando uma criteriosa avaliação pedagógica de todos os livros didáticos destinados aos estudantes de escolas públicas do país por meio do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD). Porém, mesmo com a avaliação do MEC, as obras ainda exibem problemas que podem comprometer o aprendizado dos alunos. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que complementem o trabalho realizado pelo PNLD. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar como os fungos, organismos de extrema importância ecológica, médica e econômica em nosso planeta, são abordados nos livros didáticos de biologia destinados aos alunos do ensino médio de escolas públicas. Oito obras da coleção PNLD 2012 foram analisadas, tendo como subsídio cinco critérios básicos: abordagem teórica, abordagem ecológica, abordagem social, abordagem visual e abordagem complementar. Os resultados desta pesquisa indicam a necessidade de melhoria dos livros didáticos em relação aos conteúdos conceituais de fungos, principalmente em questões relacionadas aos critérios de abordagem teórica, ecológica e visual, já que a maioria das obras analisadas apresentou erros conceituais e/ou informações que precisam ser reformuladas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Análise de livros; Ensino de biologia; Micologia; PNLD. ABSTRACTThe textbook has been part of the Brazilian educational scene since 1929 and it is currently considered one of the most widespread teaching resources in our country. Recent researches has revealed that even with the development of new technologies, the textbook remains the most faithful teacher's companion and an indispensable resource for students. In recent years, the Ministry of Education (MEC) concerned if the quality of this resource has been conducting a thorough review of all educational textbooks for students from public schools in the country, by the National Textbook Program (PNLD). However, even with the evaluation of MEC, the textbooks still show problems that can compromise students learning. Thus, it is necessary to develop research that complement the work done by PNLD. In this sense, the present study aimed to examine how the fungi, organisms of extreme ecological, medical and economical on importance our planet, are addressed in biology textbooks intended for high school students from public schools. Eight titles from PNLD 2012 collection were analyzed, taking as input five basic criteria: theoretical, ecological, social, visual and complementary approaches. The results of this research indicate a need to improve the...

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The Endomembrane System of the Fungal Cell

Cited by 13 publications

References 193 publications

The Golgi apparatus: insights from filamentous fungi

The Golgi apparatus: insights from filamentous fungi

Two GDP-mannose transporters contribute to hyphal form and cell wall integrity in Aspergillus nidulans

Análise Do Conteúdo De Fungos Nos Livros Didáticos De Biologia Do Ensino Médio

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