The energy-budget evaluation of the micrometeorological transfer processes within a cornfield

Brown, K. W.; Covey, Winton

doi:10.1016/0002-1571(66)90006-9

Cited by 127 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This numerical value agrees reasonable with that found, for example, by Brown and Covey (1966) and Impens and Lemeur ( 1969) who found (Y = 0.53 and (Y = 0.50, respectively. From Eq.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This assumption, however, is correct only for a very dense vegetation with no gaps. For most agricultural canopies, at daytime as well as at nighttime, there will be a net radiation flux, R,(Oh), at the soil's surface, which is not negligible (Brown and Covey, 1966;Impens and Lemeur, 1969). That is why in the present study the energy balance at the interface soil air is taken as:…”

Section: = H(oh) + Le(oh) + G (24mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nighttime exchange processes near the soil surface of a maize canopy

Jacobs

Boxel

Nieveen

1996

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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The exchange process in the lower region of a maize canopy is analyzed for two nights. It appears that during calm nights a free convection state develops in the lower region of the canopy. Convective heat is released at the soil's surface and transported directly to the higher portion of the canopy. The released sensible heat at the soil's surface can be easily calculated by applying the Nusselt number for free convection.At night thermal energy is also released through cooling of the canopy. The released heat from the stored canopy heat is of the same order of magnitude as all other energy terms. Conversely during daytime for most agricultural crops this energy term is of minor importance in comparison to the other energy terms.The formation of dew at night is an important process. A maxima1 possible estimate of dew accumulation for a particular night can easily be made by using the potential dew. The potential dew can be deduced more accurately by taking into account the released heat stored in the plant canopy.

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“…This numerical value agrees reasonable with that found, for example, by Brown and Covey (1966) and Impens and Lemeur ( 1969) who found (Y = 0.53 and (Y = 0.50, respectively. From Eq.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: = H(oh) + Le(oh) + G (24mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nighttime exchange processes near the soil surface of a maize canopy

Jacobs

Boxel

Nieveen

1996

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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“…In order to account for the fact that solar radiation can penetrate different layers of the canopy, based on the leaf area, an exponential decay function for the upward vertical kinematic heat flux Q θ after Brown and Covey (1966) is used. Q θ is derived at each height inside the canopy by means of the downward cumulative leaf area index (LAI):…”

Section: Canopy Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Parallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model (PALM) version 4.0 for atmospheric and oceanic flows: model formulation, recent developments, and future perspectives

et al. 2015

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Abstract. In this paper we present the current version of the Parallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model (PALM) whose core has been developed at the Institute of Meteorology and Climatology at Leibniz Universität Hannover (Germany). PALM is a Fortran 95-based code with some Fortran 2003 extensions and has been applied for the simulation of a variety of atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers for more than 15 years. PALM is optimized for use on massively parallel computer architectures and was recently ported to general-purpose graphics processing units. In the present paper we give a detailed description of the current version of the model and its features, such as an embedded Lagrangian cloud model and the possibility to use Cartesian topography. Moreover, we discuss recent model developments and future perspectives for LES applications.

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“…Under steady-state conditions, these equations contain terms for advection, the source or sink strength of the entity of interest and the divergence of the turbulent transfer of the entity (e.g., Raupach and Shaw, 1982;Finnigan, 1985). Early theoretical representations of turbulent transfer in plant canopies relied on first-order closure or 'K-theory' models, where a flux is defined as the product of the vertical gradient of the entity and the eddy dfiusivity of that entity (K) (e.g., Brown and Covey, 1966). Current turbulence theory demonstrates that 'K-theory' is applicable only if turbulent length scales are much smaller than the distance associated with changes in the vertical concentration gradient of the entity (Corrsin, 1974;Bathe, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turbulence in an almond orchard: Vertical variations in turbulent statistics

Baldocchi

Hutchison

1987

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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Abstract. Three-dimensional wind velocity components were measured above and within a uniform almond orchard. Turbulent statistics associated with the turbulent flow inside the canopy are examined in detail. Turbulence in an almond orchard is characterized by relatively high turbulent intensities and large skewness and kurtosis values. These results indicate that the frequency distribution of wind velocity components is non-Gaussian. Conditional sampling of the turbulent measurements show that large, infrequent sweeps provide the predominant mechanism for tangential momentum stress in the canopy crown. Deep inside the canopy, a secondary wind maximum and small, but positive, tangential momentum stresses are observed.

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The energy-budget evaluation of the micrometeorological transfer processes within a cornfield

Cited by 127 publications

References 7 publications

Nighttime exchange processes near the soil surface of a maize canopy

Nighttime exchange processes near the soil surface of a maize canopy

The Parallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model (PALM) version 4.0 for atmospheric and oceanic flows: model formulation, recent developments, and future perspectives

Turbulence in an almond orchard: Vertical variations in turbulent statistics

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