The energy cost of goods and services in the Federal Republic of Germany

Denton, Richard V.

doi:10.1016/0301-4215(75)90036-1

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The realization that energy is a scarce and essential resource for all production processes is a key impetus behind the focus on energy (Chapman 1977). Notable energy analysis studies at a national level have been carried out by inter alia Bullard and Hannon (1976) and Bullard et al (1978) for the US economy; Denton (1975) for the Federal Republic of Germany; and in New Zealand by Peet (1986) andHendtlass et al (1988). Although there are fewer examples of energy analysis at the regional or urban level (Brown, 1981), studies include Odum and Brown (1975) and Browder et al (1976) for the region of South Florida; and Jansson and Zucchetto (1978) and Zucchetto and Jansson (1979) for Gotland, Sweden.…”

Section: Energy Analysis Of Urban Settlementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the divide in urban sustainability: from human exemptionalism to the new ecological paradigm

McDonald

Patterson

2007

Urban Ecosyst

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This paper reviews the main bodies of contemporary urban sustainability theory. From this analysis, two underpinning paradigms of urban sustainability are identified: (1) The 'Human Exemptionalism Paradigm' (HEP), which emphasizes the ability of humans to overcome environmental problems-see Urban Sociology, Urban Ecology, Urban Geography, Urban Psychology and Political Economy; and (2) The 'New Ecological Paradigm' (NEP), which emphasizes the criticality of ecological limits to human progress-see Urban Metabolism, Energy/Emergy Analysis and Ecological Footprinting. Each of these approaches is critically reviewed, highlighting their main assumptions, theoretical and practical foci. It is argued in the paper that if the related issues of urban sustainability and development are to be progressed, there needs to be: (1) a greater maturation of the NEP approaches, which are 'relative newcomers' to the area of urban theory; and (2) greater integration and dialogue between the HEP and NEP approaches to urban sustainability than has hitherto been the case.

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Section: Energy Analysis Of Urban Settlementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the divide in urban sustainability: from human exemptionalism to the new ecological paradigm

McDonald

Patterson

2007

Urban Ecosyst

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“…Most studies employ single-region models where imports are treated either as exogenous to the input-output model (see Schaeffer and Leal de Sá 1996;Wyckoff and Roop 1994;Common and Salma 1992), or as endogenous (that is, as an intrinsic element of the model-see Lenzen 1998b;Pedersen 1996;Denton 1975). In both cases, however, factor embodiments in imported commodities are determined by applying the domestic production recipe and energy-use structure.…”

Section: Nation Level: Co 2 Accounting and The Influence Of Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

Using Input‐Output Analysis to Measure the Environmental Pressure of Consumption at Different Spatial Levels

Munksgaard

Wier²,

Lenzen

et al. 2005

J of Industrial Ecology

157

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SummaryInput-output modeling is a useful tool for tracing environmental impacts of consumption. Because it includes impacts originating from production layers of infinite order (capturing the entire economy), input-output modeling is highly relevant for studies operating in a life-cycle context. In this article we show how the input-output approach can be used to enumerate the problem of sustainable consumption. Based on a literature survey including research done by the authors we present measures of the emissions of carbon dioxide at different spatial levels: nation, city, and household. Further, we take more environmental effects into account and introduce the concept of environmental efficiency by combining inputoutput modeling and data envelopment analysis. Finally, we discuss the policy relevance of the different measures. The article demonstrates that input-output modeling has a wide range of life-cycle oriented applications when combined with other data sources such as detailed trade statistics, foreign input-output and environmental statistics, and household expenditure data.

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“…This analysis can be applied easily to all sectors regardless length and complexity of their production processes. However, as the number of the sectors in a national input-output table is limited, for instance, to 403 in the case of Korea, product specific energy consumptions cannot be considered (Wright, 1974;Bullard and Herendeen, 1975;Denton, 1975;Pick and Becker, 1975;Miller and Blair, 1985;Peet et al, 1985;Peet, 1993;Ospelt et al, 1996;Lenzen, 1998;Pachauri, 2002;Pachauri and Spreng, 2002;Park and Heo, 2007;Vringer et al, 2009).…”

Section: Quantification Of the Household Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy requirement of Korean households from 1995 to 2010: An input-output analysis-

Park¹

2013

Environmental and Resource Economics Review

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As energy conservation can be realized through changes in the composition of goods and services consumed, there is a need to assess indirect and total household energy consumption. The Korean household sector was responsible for more than 55% of Korea's total energy consumption in the 1995 to 2010 period. More than 69% of household energy consumption was indirect. Thus, not only direct but also indirect household energy consumption should be the target of energy conservation. Electricity consumption became in 2009 the main source of household energy consumption in Korea. Households consume more and more electricity intensive goods and services, a sign of increasing living standards. Decrease in energy intensities of products consumed by Korean households contributed greatly to reduce the increase in the total household energy consumption. However, switching took place towards more energy intensive products, thus the structure effect was negative. It is necessary to direct consumption and production towards much less energy intensive goods and services as to reduce energy consumption or its growth rate. The Korean government should readjust low energy and electricity prices to cost-reflective prices levels as these low prices are one of the main reasons for the consumption of more energy intensive products. This study differentiates prices of oil products and electricity between households and industries, as to allow more accurate estimation.

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The energy cost of goods and services in the Federal Republic of Germany

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Bridging the divide in urban sustainability: from human exemptionalism to the new ecological paradigm

Bridging the divide in urban sustainability: from human exemptionalism to the new ecological paradigm

Using Input‐Output Analysis to Measure the Environmental Pressure of Consumption at Different Spatial Levels

Energy requirement of Korean households from 1995 to 2010: An input-output analysis-

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