JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of Hellenic Studies. THE separate entrances of the male and female semi-choruses in Aristophanes' Lysistrata are marked by an unusual bit of stagecraft whose importance to a general theme of the play1-the salvation of Athens-has never been fully appreciated. The old men enter the stage at v. 254 each carrying a pair of olive-wood logs, a vine torch and a small pot of live embers.2 Having heard that Lysistrata and her comrades have taken control of the Acropolis, they come intent on burning down the gates of the citadel and removing the women, whom they liken to the Spartan general Cleomenes who occupied the citadel in 510.3 The men pile their logs before the closed gate, ignite their torches in the hot coals and then try to set fire to the logs (vv. 307-11). But after a few minutes of hilarious bumbling their plans are foiled for good by the sudden appearance of a semi-chorus of old women who rush in with water-jars on their shoulders or in their hands;4 thee women threaten the men an of then finally-with an invocation of the rivergod Achelous5-douse them and their fire (vv. 381-82), thus effectively ending the threat of 1 Old Comedy need not, of course, have a consistent plot or general theme to be successful, but in this respect, the Lysistrata is an unusually compact and well structured play; see, e.g. : D. Grene, 'The comic technique of Aristophanes', Hermathena i (1937) 122-3; A.O. Hulton, 'The women on the Acropolis: a note on the structure of the Lysistrata', G&R xix (1972) 32-6; J. Vaio, 'The manipulation of theme and action in Aristophanes' Lysistrata', GRBS xiv (1973) 369-80; M. Rosellini, 'Lysistrata: une mise en scene de la feminite' in Aristophanes: les femmes et la cite, Les cahiers de Fontenroy xvii (1979) 11-32; J. Henderson, 'Lysistrate: the play and its themes' in J. Henderson (ed.), Aristophanes: essays in interpretation, YCS xxvi (1980) 153-218; N. Loraux, 'L'acropole comique', Anc. Soc. xi/xii (1980/81) 119-50 [slightly revised and translated = N. Loraux, The children of Athena, trans. C. Levine (Princeton 1993) 147-83]; R. Martin, 'Fire on the mountain: Lysistrata and the Lemnian women', CA vi (1987) 77-105; and A.M. Bowie, Aristophanes: myth, ritual and comedy (Cambridge 1993)178-204. 2 See Henderson, Aristophanes: Lysistrata (Oxford 1987) 98-99, for the staging. I use his text throughout. 3 Vv. 277-280. Unless otherwise noted, all dates mentioned in this essay are BC. The Athenians besieged the Spartan garrison for two days and then let them depart under a treaty (Hdt. v 72). Later in the play at vv. 672-81 the old men assimi...