The enzymatic methylation of RNA and DNA. I

Gold, Marvin; Hurwitz, Jerard; Anders, Monika

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(63)90075-5

Cited by 102 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The first studies were conducted in E. coli by fractionation of total protein lysates followed by methylation assays with each fraction. Early studies identified a single fraction that methylated DNA at the C5 position of cytosines and the N6 position of adenines, but this fraction was only efficient at methylating foreign DNA (Gold et al 1963; Gold, Hurwitz 1964). Subsequent studies using increasingly subdivided fractions were able to identify multiple adenine and cytosine methyltransferases in E. coli (Nikolskaya et al 1976; Nikolskaya et al 1981).…”

Section: Ma Regulating Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early reports identifying that DNA was methylated suggested that S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) was the primary methyl donor (Gold et al 1963), and future work has shown that SAM is the predominant methyl donor for not only DNA and RNA methylation, but also for proteins and lipids (Chiang et al 1996). However, 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate has been identified as the methyl donor for tRNAs in Streptococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis (Delk, Rabinowitz 1975; Delk et al 1976; Urbonavicius et al 2005).…”

Section: Ma Regulating Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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N6-Methyladenine: A Conserved and Dynamic DNA Mark

O’Brown

Greer

2016

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

107

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Chromatin, consisting of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) wrapped around histone proteins, facilitates DNA compaction and allows identical DNA code to confer many different cellular phenotypes. This biological versatility is accomplished in large part by post-translational modifications to histones and chemical modifications to DNA. These modifications direct the cellular machinery to expand or compact specific chromatin regions, and mark regions of the DNA as important for cellular functions. While each of the four bases that make up DNA can be modified (Iyer et al. 2011), this chapter will focus on methylation of the 6th position on adenines (6mA), as this modification has been poorly characterized in recently evolved eukaryotes but shows promise as a new conserved layer of epigenetic regulation. 6mA was previously thought to be restricted to unicellular organisms, but recent work has revealed its presence in more recently evolved metazoa. Here, we will briefly describe the history of 6mA, examine its evolutionary conservation, and evaluate the current methods for detecting 6mA. We will discuss the enzymes that bind and regulate this mark and finally examine known and potential functions of 6mA in eukaryotes.

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Section: Ma Regulating Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ma Regulating Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

N6-Methyladenine: A Conserved and Dynamic DNA Mark

O’Brown

Greer

2016

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

107

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“…Three DNA methyltransferases, designated DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3b, are responsible for dynamic transcriptional silencing by addition of methyl groups to CpG islands in gene promoters (19,20). Consequently, compromised binding of transcription factors to gene promoters and/or altered nucleosomal occupancy within the promoter contributes to biological control (21).…”

Section: Dna Methylation: a Strategy For Transcriptional Silencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bookmarking the Genome: Maintenance of Epigenetic Information

Zaidi

Young

Montecino

et al. 2011

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The existence of methylated bases in transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) (1,2,4), ribosomal ribonuclcic acid (rRNA) (16,17), and deoxyribonucleic acid (4,14) has been reported by many workers. As the extent of methylation and the positions of the methylated bases in any one nucleic acid are distinct from any other, the methylating enzymes must be species-and substrate-specific.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Properties of the in vitro soluble RNA methylase activity of hamster tumors induced by adenovirus-12

Es¹

1969

Can. J. Microbiol.

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MCFARLANE, E. S. 1969. Properties of the in vitro soluble RNA methylase activity of hamster tumors induced by adenovirus-12. Can. J. .Certain properties of the tRNA methylases from hamster tumor tissue induced by adenovirus-12, hamster liver, and hamster connective tissue are described. The three enzyme extracts are shown to possess different substrate specificities, different responses to the presence of ammonia ions, different pH optima, and different stabilities on storage.Evidence indicates that the increased tRNA methylase in tumor extracts is not related to the Tantigen found in tumors induced by adenovirus-12.

show abstract

The enzymatic methylation of RNA and DNA. I

Cited by 102 publications

References 8 publications

N6-Methyladenine: A Conserved and Dynamic DNA Mark

N6-Methyladenine: A Conserved and Dynamic DNA Mark

Bookmarking the Genome: Maintenance of Epigenetic Information

Properties of the in vitro soluble RNA methylase activity of hamster tumors induced by adenovirus-12

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