The epidemiology of child maltreatment

Rao, Sahana; Lux, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.paed.2012.09.002

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Violence can be classified into the following categories: it may be physical, psychological or sexual, and can involve financial abuse, neglect, abandonment or selfneglect (1). Physical abuse can be defined as the intentional use of force or implements against an individual that causes, or has the potential to result in physical harm (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orofacial Injuries in Children and Adolescents (2009-2013): A 5-Year Study In Porto, Portugal

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of acts of aggression to the head, face and neck towards victims of Physical Violence against Children and Adolescents (PVCA) who were examined at the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences Delegation North (INMLCF-DN) in Porto, Portugal. A study was carried out on 2,148 complaints of physical aggression against children and adolescents (0 to less than 18 years old) occurred between 2009 and 2013 and which were retrieved from information about violence held on INMLCF-DN data files. Continuous variables were described and the association between them was verified by Chi-square or Fischer's Exact tests with 5% significance level. Within the 5-year timespan, 1,380 cases were identified with clinical relation with physical aggression. Most subjects evaluated were male adolescents and the most affected body region was the face, to which 747 injuries (24.7%) were recorded, with statistically significant association between sex and region (head and face). Victims in 15-17-year-old age group are more susceptible to violence than those in the 0-14-year-old age range. Dentists routinely examine the face, neck and skull, which make them the most appropriate health professionals to identify cases of aggression early.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Child abuse has been studied worldwide (1,2). However, it is difficult to know its real prevalence, since cultural, legal, conceptual and methodological differences in the studies conducted, together with under-reporting, hinder its real measurement in different countries (3,4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orofacial Injuries in Children and Adolescents (2009-2013): A 5-Year Study In Porto, Portugal

et al. 2018

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“…Child abuse and neglect (CAN) is a major public health and social welfare problem around the world (1). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) reports, CAN is a very common worldwide phenomenon, yet also one of the most unrecognized and under-researched (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Maltreatment in Turkey: Comparison of Parent and Child Reports

Sofuoğlu¹,

Sarıyer²,

Ataman³

2016

Cent Eur J Public Health

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SUMMARYBackground and Aim: Child maltreatment, i.e. abuse and neglect, is a significant problem worldwide and can cause impaired physical and mental health throughout life. The true extent still remains unknown in all countries, including Turkey. The aim of this study was to apply the two versions of the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool of ICAST-C and ICAST-P, which are used to assess child and parent feedback and to compare reports given by children and those given by parents. This is the first study of its kind conducted in Turkey.Methods: First, ICAST was translated into Turkish by bilingual experts. Students and their parents were asked to complete ICAST-C and ICAST-P respectively, with the help of trained researchers. In total, data from 2,608 matched reports (2,608 children and 2,608 parents) was obtained. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate demographical variables, and chi-square tests were employed to investigate the statistical significance of comparisons.Results: The present study demonstrated that Turkish parents consider rebukes, insults and corporal punishment effective ways of disciplining children. According to parents' reports, the use of psychological abuse was most prevalent against boys aged 16, while the use of physical abuse was most prevalent against boys aged 13. A statistically significant relationship was found between parents' economic conditions and child abuse (p < 0.01). No significant relationship was detected between maternal educational levels and child abuse (p > 0.05). However, the relationship between paternal educational background and psychological abuse was observed to be significant (p < 0.05). A comparison of children's and parents' reports shows that parents tended to under-report child maltreatment.Conclusions: The results show that there is a significant healthcare problem in Turkey, since child maltreatment is prevalent, but parents are not generally aware of its extent. Possible approaches to changing this situation include efforts to increase education levels, promoting public awareness, and strengthening political commitments.

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“…Therefore, four forms of maltreatment are widely recognized; it is a question of physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse (sometimes referred to as emotional abuse) and neglect [3]- [7]. All these forms of mistreatment can have consequences that can include impaired physical and mental health throughout life, and adverse social and occupational effects that carry a heavy economic and social burden [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is an agreement only that the true extent of child maltreatment is unknown and estimates indicate that between half to four fifths of all victims of mistreatment are not known to child protection services [9]. The frequency of child maltreatment is challenging to estimate because of, in some cases, variation in definitions, but also and particularly, the type of maltreatment being studied, and the comprehensiveness and quality of official statistics and of surveys [8]. Lack of good data on the extent, of the associated factors and on the consequences of mistreatments could hold back the development of appropriate responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Are the Factors Associated to Child Mistreatment? Use of a Routinely Collected Specific Dataset for Surveillance in a Belgian Pediatric Unit

Senterre¹,

Vanthournout²

2014

Health

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Introduction: Child abuse is a serious health problem with compelling evidence that the phenomenon is common throughout the world. The Center "SOS enfants ULB" is a specialized team, established in a pediatric ward, which had mission to prevent and to treat the situations of children victims of physical, sexual, psychological abuse or of neglect. Our objectives were to describe the characteristics of 439 children hospitalized for (suspicion of) maltreatment and to investigate different factors potentially associated with the children at risk of neglect or maltreatment, the children victims of neglect and the physically maltreated children. Methods: Chi square test and multinomial logistic regression models with clustered robust standard error were applied to assess the relationship between the three types of mistreatment and the potential associated factors. Results: Maltreatment was observed for almost one in two children (48.7%) and approximately four on ten (41.5%) were considered at risk. Physical abuse was the most prevalent (57.9%) among the maltreated children and neglect was the second most prevalent (37.4%) form of maltreatment. Regarding the criteria leading to hospitalisation, at least one protective criterion was observed for a little more than eight children on ten. The parental criteria have shown that social problems and conjugal conflicts were the most prevalent for this category of hospitalisation criteria. Conclusion: These data, concerning the hospitalized children for which there is (suspicion of) mistreatment, collected by this team make important contribution to describing child maltreatment and its associated factors. Despite the fact that these hospitalized cases may be probably more serious than those who were not reported, every event, however small it may be, should be known for better organizing each level of prevention.

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The epidemiology of child maltreatment

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Orofacial Injuries in Children and Adolescents (2009-2013): A 5-Year Study In Porto, Portugal

Orofacial Injuries in Children and Adolescents (2009-2013): A 5-Year Study In Porto, Portugal

Child Maltreatment in Turkey: Comparison of Parent and Child Reports

Which Are the Factors Associated to Child Mistreatment? Use of a Routinely Collected Specific Dataset for Surveillance in a Belgian Pediatric Unit

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