The epidemiology of nematode infections of sheep

Vlassoff, A.; Leathwick, Dave M.; Heath, A. C. G.

doi:10.1080/00480169.2001.36235

Cited by 112 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The seasonal dynamics of nematode infection are the consequence of complex inter-relationships between the sheep, their husbandry and the prevailing climate (Viassof et al 2001). In the present study, highest prevalence was during winter month i.e., 59.37 % and least in summer i.e., 30.6 % (p = 0.009) which was in accordance to findings of Saha et al (1996).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Prevalence of Trichuris spp. in small ruminants slaughtered in Srinagar District (J&K)

Gul

Tak

2014

J Parasit Dis

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The present study aims to determine the agewise, sex-wise and month-wise prevalence along with seasonal fluctuations of Trichuris spp. in ovines and caprines slaughtered during a 12 month period in local abattoirs in Srinagar region from August 2011 to July 2012. Adult parasites were identified on the basis of morphological characters (Soulsby Helminths, arthropods and protozoa of domes229ticated animals, CLBS and Bailliere Tinda, London,1982). The highest prevalence (66.6 %) was in the month of Jan, 2012 whereas prevalence was lowest in the month of August 2011. Trichuris count in ovines increased in autumn (42.02 %), reached maximum levels in winter (59.37), and then tended to decline until spring (53.22 %) and reached minimum levels in summer (30.6 %), before increasing again in mid-autumn. Thus with respect to climatic conditions of area from which exotic ovines were imported, Trichuris prevalence was more prevalent in dry season(55.5 %) than in wet season (36.36 %). Moreover, an association was observed between sex and age of the host with prevalence of Trichuris infection. Of the representative examined samples, Trichuris infection was 44.07 % in female host comparative to 38.07 % infection in males (p [ 0.05). Likewise young animals were more infected (53.8 %) than the adult ones (32.9 %) and kids (37.5 %). Moreover, Trichuris spp. were more prevalent in goats than in sheep(p \ 0.05). Hence, it was concluded that prevalence of Trichuris spp. infecting ovines varied with respect to season, age and sex.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Prevalence of Trichuris spp. in small ruminants slaughtered in Srinagar District (J&K)

Gul

Tak

2014

J Parasit Dis

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“…Although sheep also more active but revealed low prevalence rate of parasitic infection. Indeed sheep develop immunity against parasitic infection and reinfection during their earlier life span (Vlasoff et al 2001;Macaldowie et al 2003). Therefore, a low prevalence is possible in sheep.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal parasitic infection in diverse species of domestic ruminants inhabiting tribal rural areas of southern Rajasthan, India

Choubisa¹,

Jaroli²

2012

J Parasit Dis

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A total of 415 adult domesticated ruminants, 130 cattle (Bos taurus), 108 buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), 94 goats (Capra hircus) and 83 sheep (Ovis aries) inhabiting tribal rural areas of southern Rajasthan, India were investigated for evidence of gastrointestinal protozoan and helminthic infections. In southern Rajasthan humid ecosystem is predominant and has number of perennial freshwater bodies. Fresh faecal samples of these animals were examined microscopically by direct wet smear with saline and 1 % Lugol's iodine and formalin ether concentration. Of these 296 (71.32 %) were found to be infected with different species of gastrointestinal parasites. The highest (93.84 %) prevalence of these parasitic infections was found in cattle followed by goats (82.97 %), sheep (55.42 %) and buffaloes (46.29 %). Except cattle no other ruminants revealed protozoan infection. A total 8 species of gastrointestinal parasites were encountered. Among these parasites Fasciola hepatica was the commonest (15.18 %) followed by Haemonchus contortus (11.32 %), Ancylostoma duodenale (10.36 %), Trichuris trichiura (9.15 %), Amphistome species (7.95 %), Moniezia expansa (6.98 %), Strongyloides stercoralis (4.57 %) and Balantidium coli (3.37 %). The prevalence rate of these parasitic infections also varied seasonally. The highest prevalence rate was found in rainy season (84.21 %) followed by winter (73.9 %) and summer (52.8 %). The possible causes for variation in prevalence of parasitic infections are also discussed.

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“…The presence of inhibited larvae is not surprising as at the time of infection the animals were over 9 months old, by which time protective immunity is becoming established (Abbott et al, 2009;Vlassoff et al, 2001). This may also account for the very low FEC values observed over the course of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to Teladorsagia circumcincta infection in Scottish Blackface lambs with divergent phenotypes for nematode resistance

McRae

Good

Hanrahan

et al. 2014

Veterinary Parasitology

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The objective of this study was to identify Scottish Blackface lambs that were at the extremes of the spectrum of resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes and characterise their response to an experimental nematode challenge. Lambs (n = 90) were monitored for faecal egg count (FEC) (2 samples from each of 2 independent natural infections). The most resistant (n = 10) and susceptible (n = 10) individuals were selected and challenged with 30,000 Teladorsagia circumcincta larvae (L3) at 9 months of age. Response to infection was monitored by measuring FEC, plasma pepsinogen, serum antibodies against nematode larval antigens and haematology profile, until necropsy at 71 days post infection. Worm burden, worm fecundity and the level of anti-nematode antibodies in abomasal mucosa were determined at necropsy.FEC was consistently higher in susceptible animals (P < 0.05), validating the selection method. Worm fecundity was significantly reduced in resistant animals (P = 0.03). There was also a significant correlation (r = 0.88; P < 0.001) between the number of adult worms and FEC at slaughter. There was no effect of phenotype (resistance/susceptibility) on plasma pepsinogen or on haematology profile.Phenotype had a significant effect on the level of anti-nematode IgA antibodies in serum (P < 0.01), reflecting a higher peak in resistant animals at day 7 post infection.It is concluded that significant variation in the response to gastrointestinal nematode challenge exists within the Scottish Blackface population with resistant animals displaying significantly lower FEC, lower worm fecundity and higher concentration of anti-nematode IgA antibodies in serum.-4 -

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The epidemiology of nematode infections of sheep

Cited by 112 publications

References 45 publications

Prevalence of Trichuris spp. in small ruminants slaughtered in Srinagar District (J&K)

Prevalence of Trichuris spp. in small ruminants slaughtered in Srinagar District (J&K)

Gastrointestinal parasitic infection in diverse species of domestic ruminants inhabiting tribal rural areas of southern Rajasthan, India

Response to Teladorsagia circumcincta infection in Scottish Blackface lambs with divergent phenotypes for nematode resistance

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