The Epitranscriptome of Noncoding RNAs in Cancer

Esteller, Manel; Pandolfi, Pier Paolo

doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-16-1292

Cited by 135 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…The new wave of studies involving noncoding RNAs more broadly has renewed and heightened interest in understanding the function and dynamics of modifications in these “classical” RNAs. For example, well-studied ncRNAs such as let-7 miRNA, XIST, and MALAT1 contain numerous chemical modifications that contribute to their respective roles in cancer (Esteller and Pandolfi, 2017). …”

Section: Modifications In Abundant Noncoding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic RNA Modifications in Gene Expression Regulation

Roundtree

Evans

Pan

et al. 2017

Cell

2,606

2,401

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Over one hundred types of chemical modifications have been identified in cellular RNAs. While the 5’ cap modification and the poly(A) tail of eukaryotic messenger RNA play key roles in regulation, internal modifications are gaining attention for their roles in mRNA metabolism. The most abundant internal modification is N6-methyladenosine (m6A), and identification of proteins that install, recognize, and remove this and other marks have revealed roles for mRNA modification in nearly every aspect of the mRNA lifecycle, as well as in various cellular, developmental, and disease processes. Abundant noncoding RNAs such as transfer RNAs, ribosomal RNAs and spliceosomal RNAs are also heavily modified and depend on the modifications for their biogenesis and function. Our understanding of the biological contributions of these different chemical modifications is beginning to take shape, but it’s clear that in both coding and noncoding RNA, dynamic modifications represent a new layer of control of genetic information.

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Section: Modifications In Abundant Noncoding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic RNA Modifications in Gene Expression Regulation

Roundtree

Evans

Pan

et al. 2017

Cell

2,606

2,401

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“…According to this classification, circRNAs may be allocated to the nonreversible modifications of RNA (Esteller and Pandolfi, ). In miRNAs, one of the most characterized targets of circRNAs up to now, chemical modifications like adenosines in the form of m 6 A, is important for the control of miRNA expression level (Esteller and Pandolfi, ). In particular, the m 6 A was found at the junction between the hairpin stem and the flanking single‐stranded RNA regions of pri‐miRNAs (Alarcón et al ., ; Esteller and Pandolfi, ).…”

Section: Circrnas As Products Of the Rna‐mediated Epigenetic Regulatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In miRNAs, one of the most characterized targets of circRNAs up to now, chemical modifications like adenosines in the form of m 6 A, is important for the control of miRNA expression level (Esteller and Pandolfi, ). In particular, the m 6 A was found at the junction between the hairpin stem and the flanking single‐stranded RNA regions of pri‐miRNAs (Alarcón et al ., ; Esteller and Pandolfi, ). The depletion of this modification diminished DGCR8 binding to pri‐miRNAs determining a block in miRNA biogenesis and failure of mature miRNA production (Alarcón et al ., ).…”

Section: Circrnas As Products Of the Rna‐mediated Epigenetic Regulatimentioning

confidence: 99%

The circRNA–microRNA code: emerging implications for cancer diagnosis and treatment

Verduci¹,

Strano²,

et al. 2019

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Circular RNA s (circ RNA s) comprise an emerging new class of endogenous RNA s expressed abundantly by the eukaryotic transcriptome. They are characterized by a covalently closed loop structure, resulting in RNA molecules that are more stable than linear RNA s. A growing number of studies indicate that circ RNA s play critical roles in human diseases and show great potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The molecular events determined by circ RNA activity, the circ RNA code, involve other types of noncoding RNA molecules, primarily micro RNA s, long noncoding RNA s, and RNA ‐binding proteins. Herein, we mainly focus on the circ RNA –micro RNA code, showing how this relationship impacts the regulation of gene expression in cancer. The emerging roles for circ RNA s in oncogenic pathways highlight new perspectives for the detailed molecular dissection of cancer pathogenesis and, at the same time, offer new opportunities to design innovative therapeutic strategies. Here, we review recent research advancements in understanding the biogenesis, molecular functions, and significance of circ RNA s in cancer diagnosis and treatment.

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“…), which suggests that nutrition and/or obesity‐related factors may influence the epitranscriptome. Whilst there is growing evidence of the involvement of RNA modifications in multiple diseases, including cancer (Esteller & Pandolfi ), to date little is known about the environmental factors that modulate the epitranscriptomic landscape.…”

Section: Epigenetics – What Is It and Why It Mattersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the first demonstration of dynamics in mRNA modification by enzymatic demethylation involved the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein (Jia et al 2011), which suggests that nutrition and/or obesity-related factors may influence the epitranscriptome. Whilst there is growing evidence of the involvement of RNA modifications in multiple diseases, including cancer (Esteller & Pandolfi 2017), to date little is known about the environmental factors that modulate the epitranscriptomic landscape.…”

Section: The Epitranscriptomeemerging Knowledge Of Rna Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, epigenetics and health through life

Malcomson

Mathers

2017

Nutrition Bulletin

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Epigenetics describe heritable changes to the genome without changes to the DNA sequence itself. Epigenetic marks include DNA methylation and histone modifications, and epigenetic molecules include microRNAs. Epigenetic mechanisms modulate gene expression and so regulate many cellular processes such as cell proliferation and cell death. As a consequence, changes to the epigenome may have consequences for the function of cells, tissues and organs and may modify the risk of developing disease. Epigenetic marks and molecules change during development and also during ageing; as we age, global DNA methylation declines whilst some specific genes become hypermethylated. Unlike the genome (DNA sequence), the epigenome is not fixed and the constellation of epigenetic marks and molecules is influenced by environmental exposures, including diet. Therefore, epigenetics provides a mechanism though which nutrition modulates health and wellbeing throughout the life course and, importantly, a plausible mechanism for the long‐term effects of early life nutritional exposures. There is growing evidence of the specific nutrients and other food constituents that influence the epigenome but, to date, the molecular pathways through which nutritional exposures and status are transduced (received and recorded) remain to be elucidated. Epigenetic patterns are promising candidate diet‐related biomarkers of ageing and of disease risk and, therefore, may be useful as surrogate endpoints in nutritional epidemiology and in dietary intervention studies.

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The Epitranscriptome of Noncoding RNAs in Cancer

Cited by 135 publications

References 103 publications

Dynamic RNA Modifications in Gene Expression Regulation

Dynamic RNA Modifications in Gene Expression Regulation

The circRNA–microRNA code: emerging implications for cancer diagnosis and treatment

Nutrition, epigenetics and health through life

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