The Equity Impact Vaccines May Have On Averting Deaths And Medical Impoverishment In Developing Countries

Chang, Angela Y; Riumallo-Herl, Carlos; Perales, Nicole; Clark, Samantha; Clark, Andrew; Constenla, Dagna; Garske, Tini; Jackson, Michael L.; Jean, Kévin; Jit, Mark; Jones, Edward O.; Li, Xi; Suraratdecha, Chutima; Bullock, Olivia M.; Johnson, Hope L.; Brenzel, Logan; Verguet, Stéphane

doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0861

Cited by 69 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Modelling and observational data suggest that in low-and middleincome countries, vaccination contributes to the alleviation of, and protection against, poverty. Financial risk protection provided by the benefits of vaccination are accrued by the poorest households by the reduction of catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditures 23,24 . There is also evidence that vaccination improves childhood physical development, educational outcomes, and equity in distribution of health gains 25 .…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization: vital progress, unfinished agenda

Piot

Larson

O’Brien

et al. 2019

Nature

155

127

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization: vital progress, unfinished agenda

Piot

Larson

O’Brien

et al. 2019

Nature

155

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…13 Vaccines could also reduce the number of people who fall into poverty due to a catastrophic medical expense which is defined as a large proportion (typically, more than 10% to 25%) of household income or expenditure. 12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The protection which vaccines provide against the financial risk from a large medical expense can be measured in additional ways. The so-called extended cost-effectiveness (ECEA) studies have estimated large money-metric value of insurance provided by vaccines.…”

Section: Economic Equity and Global Health Benefits Of Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The so-called extended cost-effectiveness (ECEA) studies have estimated large money-metric value of insurance provided by vaccines. 13,14,16,19 The value of insurance is equivalent to risk premium, which is defined as the amount of money one would be willing to pay in order to avoid the financial uncertainty from a vaccine-preventable disease. 21 Paying for vaccines, in this context, is akin to paying for a health insurance premium.…”

Section: Economic Equity and Global Health Benefits Of Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why vaccines matter: understanding the broader health, economic, and child development benefits of routine vaccination

Nandi

Shet

2020

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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The direct benefits of childhood vaccination in reducing the burden of disease morbidity and mortality in a cost-effective manner are well-established. By preventing episodes of vaccine-preventable diseases, vaccination can also help avert associated out-of-pocket medical expenses, healthcare provider costs, and losses in wages of patients and caregivers. Studies have associated vaccines positively with cognition and school attainment, suggesting benefits of long-term improved economic productivity. New evidence suggests that the measles vaccine may improve immunological memory and prevent coinfections, thereby forming a protective shield against other infections, and consequently improving health, cognition, schooling and productivity outcomes well into the adolescence and adulthood in lowincome settings. Systematically documenting these broader health, economic, and child development benefits of vaccines is important from a policy perspective, not only in low and middle-income countries where the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases is high and public resources are constrained, but also in high-income settings where the emergence of vaccine hesitancy poses a threat to benefits gained from reducing vaccine-preventable diseases. In this paper, we provide a brief summary of the recent evidence on the benefits of vaccines, and discuss the policy implications of these findings.

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“…Several studies in developing countries documented inequality in immunization coverage favoring the rich [11][12][13][14]. However, the poorest would likely benefit the most from adequate vaccine coverage as they are more vulnerable to vaccine-preventable diseases that can potentially lead to severe health consequences as well as catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditures [15,16]. Hence, there is a need to assess vaccination inequality and tackle potential causes of inequalities to achieve better and potentially more fairly distributed health outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequalities in Rotavirus Vaccine Uptake in Ethiopia: A Decomposition Analysis

Wondimu

Schans

Hulst

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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A previous study in Ethiopia reported significant variation in rotavirus vaccine uptake across socioeconomic strata. This study aims to quantify socioeconomic inequality of rotavirus vaccine uptake in Ethiopia and to identify the contributing factors for the inequality. The concentration curve (CC) and the Erreygers Normalized Concentration Index (ECI) were used to assess the socioeconomic related inequality in rotavirus vaccine uptake using data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. Decomposition analysis was conducted to identify the drivers of inequalities. The CC for rotavirus vaccine uptake lay below the line of equality and the ECI was 0.270 (p < 0.001) indicating that uptake of rotavirus vaccine in Ethiopia was significantly concentrated among children from families with better socioeconomic status. The decomposition analysis showed that underlining inequalities in maternal health care services utilization, including antenatal care use (18.4%) and institutional delivery (8.1%), exposure to media (12.8%), and maternal educational level (9.7%) were responsible for the majority of observed inequalities in the uptake of rotavirus vaccine. The findings suggested that there is significant socioeconomic inequality in rotavirus vaccine uptake in Ethiopia. Multi-sectoral actions are required to reduce the inequalities, inclusive increasing maternal health care services, and educational attainments among economically disadvantaged mothers.

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The Equity Impact Vaccines May Have On Averting Deaths And Medical Impoverishment In Developing Countries

Cited by 69 publications

References 22 publications

Immunization: vital progress, unfinished agenda

Immunization: vital progress, unfinished agenda

Why vaccines matter: understanding the broader health, economic, and child development benefits of routine vaccination

Inequalities in Rotavirus Vaccine Uptake in Ethiopia: A Decomposition Analysis

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