The Eritrean HRD Project (1998-2005): A critical assessment of its high rate of brain drain

Tessema, Mussie T.; Ng’oma, Alex Mwamba; Ready, Kathryn J.; Sauers, Daniel A.; Bjorke, Joell

doi:10.1504/ijhrdm.2009.025072

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Therefore, aspects like recognition and the infrastructure for research work are fundamental for attracting academics. This means that while we agree with the studies that evoke the economy (Tessema et al ., ; Dulam and Franses, 2015), life expectancy (Baruch et al ., ; Cerdin and Pargneux, ) and education (Lins, ; Sahlgren, ), we contribute by showing that, first in order of choice, the factors of scientific and technological infrastructure (Tremblay, ; Ackers, ) have the greatest influence, and second that, they cannot be considered in isolation; in other words, there has to be quality of life also.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High income countries offer complementary inputs, such as bigger salaries proportional to the work, which leads to marked improvements in the income of the migrants in comparison with their situation in their countries of origin (OECD, ). This explains why students and researchers from developed economies or prosperous emerging economies are more likely to return to their country of origin, compared to students from less prosperous emerging economies (Tessema et al ., ; Dulam and Franses, ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

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International Mobility of Academics: Brain Drain and Brain Gain

Siekierski¹,

Borini²

2018

European Management Review

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The objective of this research was to investigate which of the following factors is most important in the academics mobility decision: the impact of the science, technology and innovation (ST&I) infrastructure, or the quality of life in the host country. We considered journals of scientific prestige and research and development (R&D) institutions as proxies for ST&I and the human development index (HDI) as a proxy for quality of life. These data came from several databases. The results of a multiple linear regression show that, although the ST&I infrastructure takes precedence over quality of life, both are influential factors in academics’ mobility decisions. The results offer guidance for academics in their decisions regarding mobility, as well as offering guidance for government policy‐makers with regard to national investments to address brain drain and brain gain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

International Mobility of Academics: Brain Drain and Brain Gain

Siekierski¹,

Borini²

2018

European Management Review

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“…The literature on international students' postgraduate migration paths encompasses a few recent papers on students' migration intentions (Alberts & Hazen, 2005; Baruch et al, 2007; Cheung & Xu, 2015; Soon, 2012; Wu & Wilkes, 2017) and a different set of studies on actual migration behaviour after graduation (Abimbola et al, 2016; Godwin, 2017; Marsh et al, 2016; Tessema, Ng'oma, Ready, Sauers, & Bjorke, 2009). We have, nevertheless, found no research examining whether and how foreign students' intentions to return correspond to their subsequent migration behaviour, though the relationship between intentions and actual decisions may not be straightforward (Carling & Pettersen, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high return rates above 80% were reported for the Australian development‐oriented scholarship programme (Abimbola et al, 2016) or for the UK Commonwealth scholarships (Commonwealth Scholarships, 2017; Marsh et al, 2016). By contrast, only 36% of Eritrean scholars sent abroad to pursue their education at European, Indian and South African universities under the Eritrean government programme funded from a World Bank loan between 1998 and 2005 completed their studies and returned to Eritrea to work in public service as expected (Tessema et al, 2009). Similarly low rate of return was found for the Nigerian government international scholarship programme set up in 2008 (Godwin, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postgraduate migration behaviour of international university students supported from the Czech Development Cooperation scholarships

Novotný

Feřtrová²,

Jungwiertová³

2020

Population Space and Place

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The development impacts of international scholarships for students from the Global South are most commonly understood through the expansion of human capital in the students' home countries for which the scholars' return analysed in this paper represents a key prerequisite. Utilising the theory of planned behaviour, this paper examines factors influencing the plans to return and actual postgraduation migration behaviour of 430 grantees of the Czech scholarship programme financed from the official development aid. One half of the current grantees reported plan to return, and only the 31% of alumni respondents actually returned suggesting a risk of brain drain. We found that economic integration rather than perceived sociocultural integration influences migration decision making of international students. We show how the propensity to return to scholars' home countries can be estimated from cross-sectional data. A graphical path model was developed, which helps to understand drivers of postgraduate migration behaviour of international students.

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“…Studies that deal with the relationship between IAM and innovation show the impact of this relationship on the country of origin and destination. Some analyse the impact in the destination countries (Farndale et al, 2010;Dobson and Holtta, 2010;Han et al, 2015;Stalford, 2005) and others investigate how mobility and innovation have an impact on the countries of origin (Tessema et al, 2009;Dulam and Franses, 2015;Jonkers and Tijssen, 2008;Le and Bodman, 2011;Dreher and Poutvaara, 2011;Tremblay, 2002). Other studies discuss how the relationship impacts both the countries of origin and destination simultaneously (Ng and Metz, 2015;Niu, 2014;Veugelers, 2010;Kato and Ando, 2013;Velema, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

International academic mobility and innovation: a literature review

Siekierski

Borini

Pereira

2018

JGM

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conduct a literature review in order to understand the relationship that exists between international academic mobility (IAM) and innovation and its impact on the countries of origin, country of destination and the countries of origin and destination simultaneously of academics. Design/methodology/approach After analysing 36 articles selected from 15 top journals by way of a systematic review of the literature, the authors located 20 variables, including five related to innovation with a positive, negative or null impact on the countries. Findings The five innovation proxies identified were: highly qualified human capital”, “attractive research and working conditions”, “patent filing”, “publications” and “research networks”, all related to Science, Technology and Innovation. The results highlight the evidence that the different dimensions of innovation have a differentiated impact on the countries of origin and destination and in both at the same time. Practical implications Knowing the types of innovation that IAM generates enables governments to invest in scientific, technological, economic and social development to choose the best measures for attracting and retaining academics. For the industry, technological catch-up and highly skilled labour means enhancing competitiveness and capacity building, growth in Research and Development (R&D), the creation of new products, patent filing, increased investments and the expansion of internationalisation. Originality/value This paper shows that the association between IAM and innovation is differentiated for the countries. Both countries involved in the association receive a positive impact in the publications and research networks. The main impact to countries of origin is the increase of highly qualified human capital. On the other hand, the benefits for the countries of destination concern patent filing, working conditions and an attractive research environment.

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The Eritrean HRD Project (1998-2005): A critical assessment of its high rate of brain drain

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

International Mobility of Academics: Brain Drain and Brain Gain

International Mobility of Academics: Brain Drain and Brain Gain

Postgraduate migration behaviour of international university students supported from the Czech Development Cooperation scholarships

International academic mobility and innovation: a literature review

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