The Esophagus

Reflux Reflections

“…Although the relative importance and precise functioning of these complementary factors is disputed (Ingelfinger 1961), the basic point is clear: if the lower end of the gullet is displaced into the chest, then cardiac competence is greatly reduced. It may be so displaced, as it were by extrusion, when the intra-abdominal pressure is excessively raised and/or when there is a hiatus hernia.…”