The Estimation of Blood Urea by the Xanthydrol Reaction

Abstract

Abstract— A simple inexpensive test is described for the estimation of blood urea. The Xanthydrol turbidity reaction is quickly determined and is a reasonably accurate method for quantitative estimation of nitrogen retention in chronic nephritis cases. Résumé— Un test simple et économique est décrit pour la recherche et le dosage de l'urée sanguine. L'opacité de la réaction du Xanthydrol est rapidement déterminée et constitue une méthode assez précise pour l'estimation quantitative de la rétention azotée dans les cas de néphrite chronique. Zusammenfassung— Es wird ein einfacher, billiger Test für die Blutharnstoff bestimmung beschrieben. Die Xanthydrol‐Trübungsreaktion ist schnell durchführbar und ist eine ziemlich direkte Methode zur quantitativen Bestimmung der Stickstoffretention bei Fällen von chronischer Nephritis.

Colorimetric determination of urea using diacetyl monoxime with strong acids

“…Direct methods for urea determination complex urea with an aldehyde or ketone under strong acidic conditions to form a red to yellow colored product, which is then measured either colorimetrically or with liquid chromatography. Variations on the condensation reagent include the use of xanthydrol [ 14 , 15 ], diacetyl monoxime [ 8 , 16 ], dimethylglyoxime [ 17 ], or p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde [ 18 ] which affect the color stability, reaction time, and sensitivity. Diacetyl monoxime is one of the more stable and easy to obtain reagents and is the focus of this protocol due to its fast reaction time with urea and chromophore intensity and stability [ 19 ] when reacted in the presence of acid, ferric chloride, and thiosemicarbazide.…”

Untitled

“…Direct methods for urea determination complex urea with an aldehyde or ketone under strong acidic conditions to form a red to yellow colored product, which is then measured either colorimetrically or with liquid chromatography. Variations on the condensation reagent include the use of xanthydrol [14,15], diacetyl monoxime [8,16], dimethylglyoxime [17], or p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde [18] which affect the color stability, reaction time, and sensitivity. Diacetyl monoxime is one of the more stable and easy to obtain reagents and is the focus of this protocol due to its fast reaction time with urea and chromophore intensity and stability [19] when reacted in the presence of acid, ferric chloride, and thiosemicarbazide.…”