The evaluation of agroforestry development in marginal land area of Gunungkidul, Indonesia

Abstract

Forests are expected to provide social and economic benefits to the community, in addition to the ecological benefits. The production forest in Gunungkidul which is managed by the Yogyakarta Forest Management Unit (FMU) is dominated by teak (Tectona grandis) and cajuput (Melaleuca cajuput) as the main crop. Gunungkidul is dominated by marginal land with low nutrients, low pH, and low organic matter. Agroforestry is known as a promising option in land use systems considering multi-strata canopy combinations and multi-products. This study aimed to compare two types of agroforestry with two main crops; teak and cajuput tree concerning cultivation, economy, and social benefits. The method used was in-depth interviews with the forest community and FMU Yogyakarta. The number of respondents was 60 forest farmers, from which 30 farmers each for the two agroforestry patterns, and the staff of FMU Yogyakarta consisted of 2 people from the management staff and 2 people from the field staff. The main data were forest farmer activities in state forests, including income and expenses during cultivation. In addition, the data includes perceptions and data regarding the advantages of the community forests (CF) program from the aspects of the economy, social (preference), and cultivation. The results showed that economically, cajuput tree-based agroforestry activities contributed more income than teak-based agroforestry. In the cultivation aspect, farmers prefer cajuput stands because they have wider open land. Likewise, FMU considers cajuput tree cultivation easier and the risk of theft (i.e. illegal cutting) smaller. However, teak agroforestry is more environmentally friendly than cajuput, for example, teak litter can be a source of natural organic fertilizer. Therefore, it is necessary to find a technical solution to deal with this difference of interests to secure the success of agroforestry implementation such as suitable spacing, the combination of cropping patterns, and intensive cultivation.

Analisis Keberlanjutan Usahatani Berbasis Agroforestri Kecamatan Linge Kabupaten Aceh Tengah.

“…Pengelolaan hutan berbasis masyarakat atau perhutanan sosial merupakan salah satu kebijakan prioritas pemerintah Indonesia. Kebijakan ini diimplementasikan melalui berbagai program antara lain Hutan Tanaman Rakyat (CPF/HTR), Hutan Kemasyarakatan (CF/HKm), Hutan Desa (VF/HD), dan Pengelolaan Hutan Berbasis Masyarakat (Widiyanto et al, 2022).…”

“…namun hal ini masih jarang. Mayoritas petani menanam jagung, kacang tanah, dan singkong (Widiyanto et al, 2022). Reang et al, (2022) Pada lingkungan pertanian beriklim sedang, agroforestri menawarkan potensi besar untuk melestarikan dan memulihkan keanekaragaman hayati (Udawatta et al, 2019), mengurangi polusi non-sumber (Bergeron et al, 2012), meningkatkan ketahanan mikroba tanah terhadap tekanan air (Rivest et al, 2019), dan memerangi perubahan iklim (Cuéllar et al, 2017).…”

“…Menurut Widiyanto et al, (2022) menyeimbangkan aspek ekonomi, sosial (preferensi), dan budidaya, diperlukan beberapa strategi agar kegiatan agroforestri dapat berkelanjutan. Langkah-langkah yang dapat dilakukan antara lain pengaturan jarak tanam jati, kombinasi pola tanam yang paling menguntungkan secara ekonomi, dan kegiatan pemeliharaan yang lebih intensif.…”

Research on Sustainable High-Quality Forestry Development in China—From Measurements, Dynamic Evolution, and Regional Differences

“…Benefit sharing is the fundamental purpose of sustainable high-quality forestry development, ensuring that the results of reform and development can be shared by the people. Benefit sharing aims at providing a better ecological environment for the people, reconciling the contradictions in income distribution in the forestry field, paying attention to the well-rounded development of people, and promoting the process of modernization [35][36][37]. The above five parts develop coordinately, and will jointly promote sustainable high-quality development in the field of forestry.…”