The Evaluation of Healing Properties of Galium verum-Based Oral Gel in Aphthous Stomatitis in Rats

Abstract

Although oral ulcers represent one of the most frequent oral mucosal diseases, the available treatment is not sufficient to provide complete ulcer recovery without side-effects. Therefore, the aim of our study was to prepare a mucoadhesive oral gel based on Galium verum ethanol extract (GVL gel) and reveal its healing effects in the model of aphthous stomatitis in rats. Rats with oral ulcers were divided into the following groups: control (untreated), gel base (ulcer was treated with the gel base, three times per day for 10 days), and GVL gel group (the ulcer was treated with GVL gel in the same way as the gel base). Animals from each group were sacrificed on days 0, 3, 6, and 10 for collecting blood and ulcer tissue samples. Healing properties of oral gel were determined by clinical evaluation, as well as biochemical and histopathological examinations. Our findings suggest a significant decrease in the ulcer size in GVL gel group, with healing effects achieved through the alleviation of oxidative stress, reduction in COX-2 immunopositivity, and increase in collagen content in buccal tissue. Significant ulcer repairing potential of GVL gel highlights this oral mucoadhesive gel as a promising tool for prevention and treatment of RAS.

Phyllanthus emblicafruits: a polyphenol-rich fruit with potential benefits for oral management

“…Oxidative stress will not only trigger the activation of the host immune system and induce and aggravate inflammation, but also cause biological tissue damage to varying degrees, 177 making ulcer wound healing more difficult. 178 PEF contains rich antioxidant active substances, especially a large number of polyphenolic components, 179 such as emblicanin A, emblicanin B, gallic acid, ellagic acid and corilagin. Kumaran 52 used an activity-directed fractionation and purification process to identify gallic acid, methyl gallate, corilagin, furosin, and geraniin in PEF, which have strong NO free radical scavenging activity and can protect cellular tissues from damage under oxidative stress.…”