The Evaluation of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Multiple Sclerosis with Special-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Feng, Liguo; Shen, Jie; Jin, Xiaohong; Li, Jiuke; Li, Yumin

doi:10.1159/000351862

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Reduced RNFL thickness in the absence of ON suggests possible subclinical episodes of ON or chronic axonal loss separate from acute attacks as a result of retrograde transsynaptic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and their axons [18,19]. We also confirmed the results of previous studies that indicate a tendency of RNFL atrophy to be greater in ON-affected eyes than in unaffected eyes [20,21,22]. Previous studies reported that RNFL thickness was correlated with functional and structural measures of MS such as visual acuity, visual field, low-contrast letter acuity, contrast sensitivity, color vision, visual evoked potentials, brain atrophy assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and even quality of life [16,23,24,25,26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of Choroidal Vascular Changes in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography

et al. 2015

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Objective: To evaluate the choroidal thickness in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Methods: In this observational comparative study, 68 eyes of 34 MS patients and 60 eyes of 30 healthy subjects were evaluated. All participants underwent complete ophthalmologic examination and OCT scanning. Choroidal thickness measurements were performed at seven points. Results: The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was reduced significantly in MS patients (310.71 ± 61.85 μm) versus healthy controls (364.85 ± 41.81 μm) (p < 0.001). The difference was also significant at all six measurement points (p < 0.001 for all). Choroidal thickness measurements revealed no significant difference between MS eyes with a prior optic neuritis (ON) history (MS ON) and those without ON history (MS non-ON). Subfoveal choroidal thickness did not correlate with retinal nerve fiber layer and Expanded Disability Status Scale score, but reduced choroidal thickness was associated with longer disease duration (r = -0.28, p = 0.019) in MS patients. Conclusion: In MS patients, choroidal structural changes occur both in MS ON and MS non-ON eyes. The decreased choroidal thickness might provide evidence to support a potential role of vascular dysregulation in the pathophysiology of MS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of Choroidal Vascular Changes in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography

et al. 2015

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“…Results revealed a significant reduction in RNFL thickness (P = 0.011) only in the temporal quadrant. Other studies have found RNFL thinning in all quadrants, 110 temporal, and inferior quadrants 111 and in the superior and inferior quadrants, 112 which correlated to their corresponding visual field regions. 14 Gundogan et al 109 also assessed the retinal functional status of these patients using pattern VEP, which showed significant delays in P100 latency in 60 and 15-min arc checks (Po0.001) in patients with MS, however, P100 amplitude was only significantly reduced in 60-min arc checks.…”

Section: Ms Without Onmentioning

confidence: 63%

How strong is the relationship between glaucoma, the retinal nerve fibre layer, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis?

Jones-Odeh

Hammond

2015

Eye

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Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorder with established relationships with ocular structures such as the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and the ganglion cell layer (GCL). Ocular imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) allow for quantitative measurement of these structures. OCT has been used in the monitoring of glaucoma, as well as investigating other neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). In this review, we highlight the association between these disorders and ocular structures (RNFL and GCL), examining their usefulness as biomarkers of neurodegeneration. The average RNFL thickness loss in patients with AD is 11 μm, and 7 μm in MS patients. Most of the studies investigating these changes are cross-sectional. Further longitudinal studies are required to assess sensitivity and specificity of these potential ocular biomarkers to neurodegenerative disease progression. Eye (2015Eye ( ) 29, 1270Eye ( -1284 doi:10.1038/eye.2015; published online 4 September 2015 IntroductionGlaucoma is a neurodegenerative optic neuropathy manifesting with progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) and axonal loss, which can result in visual field defects and blindness because of permanent cellular and neuronal damage. Subjective clinical examination of the optic nerve head (ONH) allows for assessment and monitoring of the structural changes associated with glaucoma. However, objective detection of defects in the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) by ophthalmoscopy is difficult. The relationship between glaucoma progression and the structural changes observed at the ONH, RGC layer, and RNFL in glaucoma is well established. [1][2][3][4] Early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma is vital to maintain visual field, as loss of RGCs is irreversible, 5 and even before any detectable visual field defects, there is a substantial loss of RGCs. Morphological abnormalities can develop 3-5 years before any functional loss is detected. 6 Since the introduction of ocular imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), peripapillary RNFL thickness measurements have been used for the detection and monitoring of glaucoma. 7,8 However, the use of OCT has extended beyond RNFL measurements for glaucoma, and has also been used in the investigation of other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) 9-11 and multiple sclerosis (MS). [12][13][14] In addition, given the similarities of brain and retinal foetal angiogenesis, 15,16 retinal microvasculature has also been investigated as a biomarker of changes in cerebral vasculature and cognitive decline. [17][18][19] In this review, we examine the relationships between glaucoma, neurodegenerative disease, and cognitive impairment, and the use of RNFL thickness and RGC loss as potential ocular biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders such as AD and MS. We review the strength of associations between RNFL and RGC and Eye (2015Eye ( ) 29, 1270Eye ( -1284Eye ( © 2015 Macmillan Publis...

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“…The authors reported that each year of follow‐up was associated, on average, with a 2‐µm decrease in RNFL thickness. Gundogan et al investigated MS patients with no previous visual symptoms and revealed a significant reduction in RNFL thickness ( P = 0.01) only in the temporal quadrant, while other studies have found RNFL thinning in all RNFL quadrants or in the superior and inferior quadrants, which correlated to the corresponding visual fields . Two further studies reported progressive neuronal and axonal loss of RGC in NON eyes of MS patients .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Afferent visual pathways in multiple sclerosis: a review

Graham

Klistorner

2016

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system that involves inflammation and demyelination at multiple sites and causes a wide variety of clinical presentations with variable neurological deficits. The visual pathways are frequently involved with either visual or motor dysfunction. Optic neuritis (ON) is one the most common and best characterized presentations of the disease, but there are many other manifestations depending on the site of the lesion. Eyes that have never had ON show slow progressive loss of axons and retinal ganglion cells. Previously unrecognized optic radiation lesions may be associated with residual latency delays on visual evoked potentials. Both anterograde and retrograde degeneration may occur along the visual pathway. This review covers the features of MS in the anterior and posterior visual system and describes advances that have been made with newer techniques such as retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion tensor imaging and probabilistic tractography (DTI) and multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEPs). We report on the inter-relationship between these measures of structure and function, and how they may be used as biomarkers for the disease.

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The Evaluation of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in Multiple Sclerosis with Special-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Evaluation of Choroidal Vascular Changes in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography

Evaluation of Choroidal Vascular Changes in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography

How strong is the relationship between glaucoma, the retinal nerve fibre layer, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis?

Afferent visual pathways in multiple sclerosis: a review

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