The Evidence for Herding at Boomplaas Cave in the Southern Cape, South Africa

Deacon, H. J.; Deacon, Janette; Brooker, Mary; Jennifer, Wilson, Ms, Els,

doi:10.2307/3888251

Cited by 87 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Apart from outwardly dissimilar colours, differences in extracted powder colour result either from internal inconsistencies (e.g., Barham, 1998, p. 705) or from different methods of processing. Conventional grinding entails applying pressure to a pigment sample by placing it between an upper and lower grindstone surface (see for example Gooch, 1882;van Damme et al, 1922;Mason, 1951;Deacon et al, 1978;Rudner, 1982Rudner, , 1983Sealy et al, 2004;Youngblood, 2004;Sadr and Fauvelle-Aymar, 2006 for archaeological and ethnographic examples). The experiments revealed that it is often necessary to crush hard haematites to gain access to the softer interior, but the resultant powder is usually of a coarse consistency and of a less intense hue than when ground directly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing ochre in the Middle Stone Age: Testing the inference of prehistoric behaviours from actualistically derived experimental data

Rifkin

2012

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing ochre in the Middle Stone Age: Testing the inference of prehistoric behaviours from actualistically derived experimental data

Rifkin

2012

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

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“…Two of those pictured by her feature a continuous incised groove running around the outside of the piece. Another 28 examples of these artefacts have been recovered from the early Holocene levels at the nearby site of Matjes River Shelter (Dreyer 1933;Louw 1960), while later Holocene examples have been found at sites throughout the Fynbos and Forest Biomes of the Cape (Goodwin 1938;van Noten 1974;Deacon et al 1978;Schweitzer 1979;Poggenpoel and Robertshaw 1981;Schweitzer and Wilson 1982). In Ethiopia, Brandt (1986) reports that two bone tubes were recovered from a cache which also contained over thirty pierced gastropod shells found close to an intentional burial at FeJx 2 at Lake Besaka dated to the LSA.…”

Section: Notched Bone Piece (A 'Bone Tube'?)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Poison arrows and bone utensils in late Pleistocene eastern Africa: evidence from Kuumbi Cave, Zanzibar

Langley

Prendergast

Shipton

et al. 2016

Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa

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Most of our current knowledge of late Pleistocene African bone technology is drawn from southern African sites, with recent discoveries indicating that bone-and stone-tipped arrows (propelled by a bow) were in use prior to 60,000 years BP. Integration of archaeological with ethnographic data similarly suggests that hunting with poison-tipped arrows on the African continent has an antiquity of at least 24,000 years. Unfortunately, similar analysis of material from eastern Africa is largely absent and consequently, with the sole exception of barbed points, we know very little regarding osseous technology in this region and how similar or dissimilar it is to contexts located further south. This paper presents a small assemblage of seven bone artefacts recovered from the late Pleistocene deposits of Kuumbi Cave, Zanzibar. Comparison of the bone projectile points, a bone awl and a notched bone tube with ethnographic and archaeological material from throughout the Sub-Saharan region suggests that, as elsewhere in Africa, bone technology was a central element in the Later Stone Age material culture repertoire of Kuumbi Cave's inhabitants. It also suggests that arrow points coated with poison were in use in eastern Africa around 13,000 years BP.ABSTRAIT Actuellement, la plupart de nos connaissances concernant la technologie des os en Afrique à la fin du Pléistocène dérivent de sites d'Afrique australe, avec des découvertes récentes qui indiquent que les flèches avec des pointes en os ou en pierre, propulsées par un arc, étaient en usage avant 60,000 ans BP. En outre, l'intégration des données archéologiques et ethnographiques suggère que la chasse avec des flèches

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“…Precolonial Pastoralists: The preexisting archaeological paradigm argues that domestic sheep came to the Cape about 2000BP, with cattle coming in later about 1300BP (Boonzaier et al 1996: 29; Bousman 1998: 141-142; Clutton-Brock 2000: 32-33; Deacon and Deacon 1999: 181-182;Deacon et al 1978; Henshilwood 1996: 945-949; Holl 1998: 93; Klein 1986: 6-7; Klein and Cruz-Uribe 1989: 83; Sadr 1998: 101-104; Schweitzer 1979: 202-203; Schweitzer and Scott 1973: 547; Sealy and Yates 1994: 58-67; 1996: 109-110; Smith 1983: 79; 2000: 226-236; 2006: 2 Boonzaier et al 1996; Cooke 1965;Clutton-Brock 2000;Deacon and Deacon 1999;Elphick 1977;Elphick and Malherbe 1988;Hanotte et al 2002; Henn et al 2008;Holl 1998;Klein 1986;Parkington 1984;Robertshaw 1979;Sadr 1998;Smith 1983;Stow 1905;Theal 1910; Westphal 1963;Wilmsen 1989).…”

Section: Animals At the Capementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Precolonial Pastoralists: The preexisting archaeological paradigm argues that domestic sheep came to the Cape about 2000BP, with cattle coming in later about 1300BP (Boonzaier et al 1996: 29;Bousman 1998: 141-142;Clutton-Brock 2000: 32-33; Deacon and Deacon 1999: 181-182;Deacon et al 1978;Henshilwood 1996: 945-949;Holl 1998: 93;Klein 1986: 6-7;Klein and Cruz-Uribe 1989: 83;Sadr 1998: 101-104;Schweitzer 1979: 202-203;Schweitzer and Scott 1973: 547;Sealy and Yates 1994: 58-67;1996: 109-110;Smith 1983: 79;2000: 226-236;2006: 2). Recently, direct carbon dating of a Bos taurus specimen from Byneskranskop shows that sheep and cattle arrived simultaneously at 2000BP (Horsburgh 2008).…”

Section: Animals At the Capementioning

confidence: 99%

A zooarchaeological investigation into the meat industry established at the Cape of Good Hope by the Dutch East India Company in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries

Heinrich

2012

Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa

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The Dutch East India Company (VOC) established their settlement at the Cape of Good Hope in 1652 in order to refresh passing trade ships with fresh water, vegetables, and meat in hopes of lessening disease and death during the long voyages around the tip of Africa between Europe and the Far East. The great demand for meat provided an impetus for Dutch-Khoehoe interactions which ultimately drained the Khoekhoe of their wealth, land, and identity. Currently, with the exception of the terrestrial faunal from Oudepost I (Cruz-Uribe and Schrire 1991), historic period faunal analyses at the Cape have been very localized, superficially descriptive, and taphonomically flawed, which has ii lead to very little understanding of the overall colonial meat market and included some implausible interpretations.This thesis takes into account contextual evidence, applies zooarchaeological methodology, and incorporates actualistically-based research into taphonomic traces on bone surfaces and to better reconstruct the originally deposited samples. The investigation of the VOC's meat industry that was emplaced at the Cape is carried out through the investigation of five faunal samples including three sites from the Castle of Good Hope; the Moat, the Granary (F2), and Donkergat (DKG); Elsenburg; and the Dump from Oudespost I. The systemic approach provides information about livestock production, slaughter, and consumption at the Cape with information about large scale slaughter for local markets or trade ship provisioning. This thesis describes the transplanted European husbandry practices as the VOC overcame initial hardships of meeting high meat demands to become the dominant power across the landscape.iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would foremost like to thank Carmel Schrire for sharing her guidance and critical mind, while also having great patience throughout the research and writing of this dissertation. I would also like to thank my dissertation committee, Robert Blumenschine, Robert Scott, and David Landon (University of Massachusetts-Boston), for helpful critiques and advice. I would like to additionally thank Robert Blumenschine for his instruction in faunal analysis and taphonomy. I would like to thank Royden Yates, Graham Avery, Margaret Avery and LalouMeltzer who were instrumental in helping me gain access and navigate the IZIKO: South African Museum, especially Graham Avery for working alongside me to help identify various bones and the birds. Thanks are also extended to the faculty at the University of Cape Town's Archaeology Department for allowing me access to various faunal assemblages kept in their store rooms. I also appreciate the help from Richard Klein (Stanford University) who had helped me with some bone specimens in addition to reviewing some portions of this work. I would also like to thank Eileen Westwig at the American Museum of Natural History for providing access to their Mammalogy Collections.Funding for this research has been obtained from Special Opportunity Award, Bigel Grants, the Center for Human Evoluti...

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The Evidence for Herding at Boomplaas Cave in the Southern Cape, South Africa

Cited by 87 publications

References 32 publications

Processing ochre in the Middle Stone Age: Testing the inference of prehistoric behaviours from actualistically derived experimental data

Processing ochre in the Middle Stone Age: Testing the inference of prehistoric behaviours from actualistically derived experimental data

Poison arrows and bone utensils in late Pleistocene eastern Africa: evidence from Kuumbi Cave, Zanzibar

A zooarchaeological investigation into the meat industry established at the Cape of Good Hope by the Dutch East India Company in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries

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