The Evolution of the Differentiation-Specific Histone H1 Gene Basal Promoter

Peretti, Marie; Khochbin, Saadi

doi:10.1007/pl00006129

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In addition, a region of homology with the histone H4 gene promoter (H4 box: GGTCCG) was found in the Mytilus edulis H1 gene at the same position (−102 to −107 relative to the initiation codon) that was occupied by the CCAAT box in vertebrate somatic H1 genes. This H4 box has been described as a distinctive feature of differentiation dependent H1 genes in vertebrates and was found in human, mouse, rat, and Xenopus H1°genes and in the chicken H5 gene (Peretti and Khochbin, 1997). In contrast to the vertebrate somatic H1 genes, the H4 box was found in all sea urchin subtype genes, i.e., H1-␣, -␤, and -␥.…”

Section: Mytilus Edulis H1 Genesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Mytilus edulis Histone Gene Clusters Containing Only H1 Genes

et al. 1999

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We isolated five different phage clones containing histone gene clusters with up to five H1 genes per phage clone from a Mytilus edulis genomic library. Among these H1 genes, nine gene types coding for five different H1 proteins have been identified. All H1 histone genes were located on repetitive restriction fragments with only slightly different sizes. The H1 coding regions show highly related sequences, suggesting that the multitude of H1 genes has evolved by gene duplication events. Core histone genes could not be found on these five Mytilus edulis genome fragments.

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Section: Mytilus Edulis H1 Genesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Mytilus edulis Histone Gene Clusters Containing Only H1 Genes

et al. 1999

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“…1A). The H4 box thus defines a class of H1 genes that are expressed in differentiated-and growth-arrested cells, because it is found only in the proximal promoter region of the differentiation-specific H1 genes, H1 0 and H5 (23,41). Indeed, all vertebrate replication-dependent H1 genes possess a CAAT box at this position (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of these observations point to the crucial role of the TCA trinucleotide motif in HBP1 binding. However, the laser photofootprinting approach showed that the binding of HBP1 more specifically affects the GT dinucleotide in the GGTCC element, which is the other highly conserved submotif in all histone H4-encoding genes (53) and in all differentiation-specific H1s (41). It is important to note that the photoreactivity of bases in DNA is very sensitive to local conformational changes in DNA, such as those induced by protein-DNA interactions (2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, we named this third element the H4 box (22). Among the linker histone genes, the H4 box is a unique feature of the differentiationdependent H1 0 and H5 genes (23,41). Almost all of the rep-lication-dependent histone H1-encoding genes have a CAAT box at this position (41).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Among the linker histone genes, the H4 box is a unique feature of the differentiationdependent H1 0 and H5 genes (23,41). Almost all of the rep-lication-dependent histone H1-encoding genes have a CAAT box at this position (41). The unusual characteristics of the H1 0 H4 box make this a potential response element to both cell cycle control machinery and differentiation signals.…”

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Involvement of Retinoblastoma Protein and HBP1 in Histone H1⁰ Gene Expression

Lemercier

Duncliffe²,

Boibessot

et al. 2000

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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The histone H1 0 -encoding gene is expressed in vertebrates in differentiating cells during the arrest of proliferation. In the H1 0 promoter, a specific regulatory element, which we named the H4 box, exhibits features which implicate a role in mediating H1 0 gene expression in response to both differentiation and cell cycle control signals. For instance, within the linker histone gene family, the H4 box is found only in the promoters of differentiation-associated subtypes, suggesting that it is specifically involved in differentiation-dependent expression of these genes. In addition, an element nearly identical to the H4 box is conserved in the promoters of histone H4-encoding genes and is known to be involved in their cell cycle-dependent expression. The transcription factors interacting with the H1 0 H4 box were therefore expected to link differentiation-dependent expression of H1 0 to the cell cycle control machinery. The aim of this work was to identify such transcription factors and to obtain information concerning the regulatory pathway involved. Interestingly, our cloning strategy led to the isolation of a retinoblastoma protein (RB) partner known as HBP1. HBP1, a high-mobility group box transcription factor, interacted specifically with the H1 0 H4 box and moreover was expressed in a differentiation-dependent manner. We also showed that the HBP1-encoding gene is able to produce different forms of HBP1. Finally, we demonstrated that both HBP1 and RB were involved in the activation of H1 0 gene expression. We therefore propose that HBP1 mediates a link between the cell cycle control machinery and cell differentiation signals. Through modulating the expression of specific chromatin-associated proteins such as histone H1 0 , HBP1 plays a vital role in chromatin remodeling events during the arrest of cell proliferation in differentiating cells.During embryonic development and cell differentiation, specific transitions in gene expression are associated with chromatin remodeling (39, 58). One important aspect of these remodeling events is the synthesis of specific core and linker histones (11,30,25,33,40,51). For instance, in many organisms embryonic-and adult-type histone H1s characterize the chromatin of proliferating and differentiated cells, respectively (23). In vertebrates, the histone H1 0 gene encodes a linker histone variant which is expressed in terminally differentiated cells concomitant with the arrest of cell proliferation (23, 61). The specific role of this linker histone is not clearly established, but the timing and pattern of its expression during early embryogenesis strongly suggest a role for the protein in the organization of chromatin in arrested and differentiated cells (61). It is therefore of great interest to discover the regulatory cascade that induces the expression of this gene in differentiated cells. We believe that molecules involved in this cascade interact with different regulatory pathways, leading to a general control of chromatin remodeling during cell differentiation. Indee...

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TE2 and TE1 sub‐elements of the testis‐specific histone H1t promoter are functionally different

Wilkerson¹,

Wolfe²,

Grimes³

2003

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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The testis-specific linker histone H1t gene is transcribed exclusively in pachytene primary spermatocytes. Tissue specific expression of the gene is mediated in part by transcriptional factors that bind elements located within the proximal and distal promoter. A 40 bp promoter element, designated H1t/TE, that is located within the proximal promoter between the CCAAT-box and AC-box, is known to be essential for H1t gene transcription in transgenic animals. In the present study, we show by SDS-PAGE analysis of UV crosslinked protein and DNA and by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) of testis nuclear proteins separated on a non-denaturing glycerol gradient that the TE1 sub-element is bound by a protein complex. Mutation of TE1 leads to a drop in H1t promoter activity in germinal GC-2spd cells as well as in nongerminal Leydig, NIH3T3, and C127I cell lines. Although TE1 and TE2 sub-elements have similar sequences, mutation of the TE2 sub-element causes an increase in promoter activity in C127I and Leydig cells. The rat TE1 but not TE2 contains a CpG dinucleotide and this cytosine is methylated in liver but not in primary spermatocytes. Methylation of the cytosine at this site almost eliminates nuclear protein binding. Thus, there are significant functional differences in the TE2 and TE1 sub-elements of the H1t promoter with TE1 serving as a transcriptional activator binding site and TE2 serving as a repressor binding site in some cell lines.

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The Evolution of the Differentiation-Specific Histone H1 Gene Basal Promoter

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Mytilus edulis Histone Gene Clusters Containing Only H1 Genes

Mytilus edulis Histone Gene Clusters Containing Only H1 Genes

Involvement of Retinoblastoma Protein and HBP1 in Histone H1⁰ Gene Expression

TE2 and TE1 sub‐elements of the testis‐specific histone H1t promoter are functionally different

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The Evolution of the Differentiation-Specific Histone H1 Gene Basal Promoter

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Mytilus edulis Histone Gene Clusters Containing Only H1 Genes

Mytilus edulis Histone Gene Clusters Containing Only H1 Genes

Involvement of Retinoblastoma Protein and HBP1 in Histone H10 Gene Expression

TE2 and TE1 sub‐elements of the testis‐specific histone H1t promoter are functionally different

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Involvement of Retinoblastoma Protein and HBP1 in Histone H1⁰ Gene Expression