The evolutionary history of Eryngium (Apiaceae, Saniculoideae): Rapid radiations, long distance dispersals, and hybridizations

Calviño, Carolina Isabel; Martínez, Susana; Downie, Stephen R.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.10.021

Cited by 81 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…LFY2int2-N showed the highest proportion of informative sites (38/562, 6.8%, Table 4) which was similar to results in Neillia and Stephanandra (7.4%) [39]. Low sequence divergence of multiple DNA regions suggests rapid radiation during divergence [77] and this has been hypothesized for many Pyreae taxa (the former Maloideae taxa) [26,40]. This may also explain the poor resolution of the gene trees.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Molecular evolution of Adh and LEAFY and the phylogenetic utility of their introns in Pyrus (Rosaceae)

Zheng

Spooner

et al. 2011

BMC Evol Biol

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BackgroundThe genus Pyrus belongs to the tribe Pyreae (the former subfamily Maloideae) of the family Rosaceae, and includes one of the most important commercial fruit crops, pear. The phylogeny of Pyrus has not been definitively reconstructed. In our previous efforts, the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) revealed a poorly resolved phylogeny due to non-concerted evolution of nrDNA arrays. Therefore, introns of low copy nuclear genes (LCNG) are explored here for improved resolution. However, paralogs and lineage sorting are still two challenges for applying LCNGs in phylogenetic studies, and at least two independent nuclear loci should be compared. In this work the second intron of LEAFY and the alcohol dehydrogenase gene (Adh) were selected to investigate their molecular evolution and phylogenetic utility.ResultsDNA sequence analyses revealed a complex ortholog and paralog structure of Adh genes in Pyrus and Malus, the pears and apples. Comparisons between sequences from RT-PCR and genomic PCR indicate that some Adh homologs are putatively nonfunctional. A partial region of Adh1 was sequenced for 18 Pyrus species and three subparalogs representing Adh1-1 were identified. These led to poorly resolved phylogenies due to low sequence divergence and the inclusion of putative recombinants. For the second intron of LEAFY, multiple inparalogs were discovered for both LFY1int2 and LFY2int2. LFY1int2 is inadequate for phylogenetic analysis due to lineage sorting of two inparalogs. LFY2int2-N, however, showed a relatively high sequence divergence and led to the best-resolved phylogeny. This study documents the coexistence of outparalogs and inparalogs, and lineage sorting of these paralogs and orthologous copies. It reveals putative recombinants that can lead to incorrect phylogenetic inferences, and presents an improved phylogenetic resolution of Pyrus using LFY2int2-N.ConclusionsOur study represents the first phylogenetic analyses based on LCNGs in Pyrus. Ancient and recent duplications lead to a complex structure of Adh outparalogs and inparalogs in Pyrus and Malus, resulting in neofunctionalization, nonfunctionalization and possible subfunctionalization. Among all investigated orthologs, LFY2int2-N is the best nuclear marker for phylogenetic reconstruction of Pyrus due to suitable sequence divergence and the absence of lineage sorting.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Molecular evolution of Adh and LEAFY and the phylogenetic utility of their introns in Pyrus (Rosaceae)

Zheng

Spooner

et al. 2011

BMC Evol Biol

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“…Low resolution in phylogeny can be due to causes such as insufficient data, noisy sequences, rapid diversification, polyploidization, and reticulate evolution (Baurain et al, 2007;Calvino et al, 2008;Campbell et al, 2007;Lo et al, 2009;Xu et al, 2012). In this study, we sampled most species of sections Chinenses and Synstylae covering the whole distribution area.…”

Section: Low Resolution and Phylogenetic Incongruencementioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny of Rosa sections Chinenses and Synstylae (Rosaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear markers

Zhu

Gao

Fougère‐Danezan

2015

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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“…Many species of the Eryngium are polyploids, and thus, natural hybrids are probably common (Calviño, Mart ınez & Downie 2008), but hybrids of E. maritimum are generally not known. However, there are records of a hybrid between E. maritimum and E. campestre (=Eryngium 9 rocheri Corb.…”

Section: ( B ) H Y B R I D Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Eryngium maritimum

Isermann

Rooney

2014

Journal of Ecology

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Summary1. This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Eryngium maritimum L. (Sea Holly) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation. 2. Eryngium maritimum is a native perennial hemicryptophyte, with a large taproot, spiny and leathery leaves and a pale bluish inflorescence. It has a more or less continuous distribution in suitable habitats along the coasts of Great Britain and Ireland up to about 55°N, but it is more scattered further north. On the west coast, it is found south of the Hebrides, and on the east coast, with some exceptions, south of Yorkshire. In Europe, it has a wide, but mainly southern temperate, European distribution along the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean, the Baltic, the Mediterranean, and the Black and Azov Seas. Its northern distribution limit is at c. 60°N. 3. Eryngium maritimum grows typically on sand and shingle beaches, foredunes and yellow dunes, as well as in semi-fixed grey dunes. Its habitats have full sunlight and are more or less dry. It occurs in many coastal plant communities from the beach inland, and because of its wide European distribution, it occurs with members of several different biogeographical species groups. 4. Protected from grazing by its spininess and sclerophylly, E. maritimum is nevertheless vulnerable to direct damage by trampling. It supports few insect herbivores, probably because of chemical defences. Historically, it has had a great number of medicinal uses. 5. Eryngium maritimum is unable to withstand competition from faster and more densely growing plant species. In many coastal regions, in both temperate and mediterranean parts of Europe, it is one of the rarest and most threatened plant species, mainly because of habitat loss and land-use changes.Key-words: climatic limitation, communities, conservation, ecophysiology, geographical and altitudinal distribution, germination, herbivory, mycorrhiza, reproductive biology, soils Sea Holly. Apiaceae subfamily Saniculoideae. A long-lived, perennial herb with a long, well-developed taproot and thick and fleshy rhizomes extending laterally from buried stems. Reproductive stems 0.15-0.60 m; lower part often root-like and buried in the sand; aerial part pale below but with bluish tinge above, erect, robust, terete or sulcate, glabrous, solid and widely branched above so that the plant forms an open cushion. Basal leaves several; lamina 4-10 9 15-20 cm, leathery, glabrous, intensely glaucous, subrotund in outline and palmately 3(À5) lobed; base truncate or cordate; venation palmate and reticulate, the veins thick, prominent; margin thick, cartilaginous, with large spinose teeth; petioles about as *Nomenclature of vascular plants follows Stace (2010) ...

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The evolutionary history of Eryngium (Apiaceae, Saniculoideae): Rapid radiations, long distance dispersals, and hybridizations

Cited by 81 publications

References 46 publications

Molecular evolution of Adh and LEAFY and the phylogenetic utility of their introns in Pyrus (Rosaceae)

Molecular evolution of Adh and LEAFY and the phylogenetic utility of their introns in Pyrus (Rosaceae)

Phylogeny of Rosa sections Chinenses and Synstylae (Rosaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear markers

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Eryngium maritimum

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