The Examination of mecA gene in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and inappropriate antibiotic uses of healthcare workers and communities in Banyumas

Abstract

Background: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a major pathogene and its incidence continues to increase in various countries. The resistance to methicillin is caused by the mecA gene that encodes the expression of Penicillin Binding Protein 2a (PBP2a) so it has a low affinity for beta-lactam antibiotics. One of the factors that can increase the incidence of MRSA is inappropriate antibiotics use. Objective: This study is to identify presence of the mecA gene in MRSA and to compare histories of inappropriate antibiotic uses of healthcare workers and communities in Banyumas. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducting 120 samples from nasal swabs. Isolates of MRSA tested by bacteriological examinations and PCR of the mecA genes. Histories of antibiotic uses were assessed by using questionnaires and then analysed descriptively by using Fisher Exact test (SPPS, version 20). Result: One sample of S. aureus from the microbiology examination (0.83%) was an MRSA although there was no a mecA gene identified by using the PCR method. 66.1% of the healthcare workers and 88,3% of the communities used antibiotics inappropriately. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the histories of irrational uses of antibiotics (p˂0.05). Conclusion:A number of the communities who used inappropriate antibiotics was higher than the health workers. Furthermore, one MRSA strain with a negative mecA gene was found in the health worker group. Latar Belakang: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) telah menjadi patogen utama dan angka insidensinya terus meningkat di berbagai negara. Resistensi terhadap methiciline disebabkan karena S.aureus memiliki gen mecA yang menyandi ekspresi dari Penicillin Binding Protein 2a (PBP2a) sehingga memiliki afinitas yang rendah terhadap antibiotik beta-laktam. Salah satu faktor yang dapat meningkatkan insidensi MRSA adalah penggunaan antibiotik tidak rasional Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan gen mecA pada MRSA dan membandingkan riwayat penggunaan antibiotik pada tenaga kesehatan dan masyarakat di Banyumas.

Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Air Biji Kopi Arabika pada Kultur Bakteri MRSA

“…Staphylococcus aureus resisten terhadap methicillin, atau yang dikenal Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) merupakan Staphylococcus aureus yang resisten terhadap banyak obat atau multidrug-resistant microorganisms (MDRM) (1). Resistensi terjadi karena bakteri memiliki gen mecA yang mengkode Penicillin Binding Protein 2a (PBP2a) yang memiliki afinitas rendah untuk betalactam antibiotik sehingga terjadi resistensi antibiotik terhadap methicillin (3). Pembentukan biofilm yang membuat perlindungan pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus juga menjadi salah satu penyebab resistensi antibiotik.…”

“…Infeksi MRSA masih terus meningkat di beberapa bagian dunia terutama sering ditemukan sebagai patogen utama di negara berkembang dan merupakan salah satu penyebab Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (3). Asia merupakan salah satu benua dengan tingkat MRSA tertinggi, baik Community-Acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) atau Health care-associated MRSA (HA MRSA) (3). Estimasi MRSA adalah 28% di Hongkong dan Indonesia (3).…”

“…Asia merupakan salah satu benua dengan tingkat MRSA tertinggi, baik Community-Acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) atau Health care-associated MRSA (HA MRSA) (3). Estimasi MRSA adalah 28% di Hongkong dan Indonesia (3).…”

Molecular Docking of Flavonoids from Extract of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyx on PBP2a as the Basis for Antibacterial Activity Against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…Resistance has an impact on the field of treatment, and makes successful empirical therapy more difficult to achieve (Wu et al, 2023) . Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria and is currently endemic in hospitals throughout the world (Larsen et al, 2022) , including in Indonesia (Susanti et al, 2020;Fitranda et al, 2023) . Finding new antibiotics that can inhibit MRSA bacteria is very important in the field of new drug development.…”