The excretion of and β-galactosidase by patients with renal disease

Dance, N.; Price, Robert G.; Cattell, W. R.; Lansdell, J.; Richards, B.

doi:10.1016/0009-8981(70)90378-5

Cited by 143 publications

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“…tubular and glomerular injury in different pathological states of human diseases. Urinary NAG index has been reported as a sensitive indicator of early kidney injury and the rejection of renal allografts in human patients [13,21], and has also been reported to be a valid marker for monitoring of progression in kidney diseases [2,6,8]. We previously reported that urinary NAG index was elevated in cows with renal parenchymal lesions [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urinary NAG activity has been reported to increase under conditions of renal pathologic damage in both humans [2,6,[8][9][10]20] and other animals [1,4,15]. Urinary NAG activity also has been proposed as a sensitive marker of the progression of renal diseases [2,6,8,9] and the rejection of renal allografts [13,21]. Its activity increases prior to abnormal changes of other renal function test results [8].…”

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Clinical Availability of Urinary N-acetyl-.BETA.-D-Glucosaminidase Index in Dogs with Urinary Diseases.

et al. 2002

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ABSTRACT. Urinary excretion of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) was examined in healthy dogs and dogs with urinary diseases, and its clinical usefulness as an indicator of urinary diseases was discussed. Twenty-eight healthy dogs and 20 dogs with urinary diseases were used. Urinary NAG activity was measured using p-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide as substrate, and expressed as units per gram of urinary creatinine (NAG index). Urinary NAG index in urine of healthy dogs was 3.2 ± 2.4 U/g, and NAG index in the dogs with chronic renal failure or lower urinary tract infection accompanied by pyelonephritis was higher than that in healthy dogs. However, the dogs with lower urinary tract infection without pyelonephritis showed normal values of NAG index. Some dogs with diabetic mellitus showed elevated values of NAG index when control of blood sugar was not successful. Increase of NAG index was observed in some dogs with pyometra before increases of BUN and serum creatinine concentration. Therefore, NAG index in urine seems to be a good indicator for urinary diseases in dogs. KEY WORDS: canine, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), urinary disease, urine.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 64(4): 361-365, 2002 N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG; EC 3.2.1.30) is a lysosomal enzyme found predominantly in the proximal renal tubular cells. Urinary NAG activity has been reported to increase under conditions of renal pathologic damage in both humans [2,6,[8][9][10]20] and other animals [1,4,15]. Urinary NAG activity also has been proposed as a sensitive marker of the progression of renal diseases [2,6,8,9] and the rejection of renal allografts [13,21]. Its activity increases prior to abnormal changes of other renal function test results [8]. The usefulness of urinary NAG activity values in dogs with drug-induced proximal tubular damage has been reported [4]. We reported the usefulness of measurements of urinary NAG activity in cattle [14,15]. However, there is little information available about the measurement of urinary NAG activity in clinical cases of canine renal diseases.In the present study, to clarify the usefulness of measurements of urinary NAG activity, we evaluated urinary levels of NAG in healthy dogs and dogs with urinary diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals:Twenty-eight healthy dogs (18 males and 10 females, 1-8 years old) and 20 dogs with urinary diseases (10 males and 10 females, 1-17 years old ) were studied. The clinical conditions of the dogs with urinary disease are shown in Table 1, and included chronic renal failure (7 cases), lower urinary tract infection accompanied by pyelonephritis (2 cases), lower urinary tract infection without pyelonephritis (4 cases), diabetes mellitus (3 cases) and pyometra (4 cases). All of these dogs were sexually intact. Clinical diagnoses in diseased dogs were decided based on physical examinations, urinalysis, CBC, serum biochemistry, ultrasonography and radiography (plain and excretory urography).Urine preparation: Untimed, freely caught urine samples were collected from the do...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

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Clinical Availability of Urinary N-acetyl-.BETA.-D-Glucosaminidase Index in Dogs with Urinary Diseases.

et al. 2002

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“…64(4): 367-371, 2002 Urinary enzymes such as N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and β galactosidase have been used as indicators of renal diseases in humans [5]. Especially, urinary NAG activity has been reported to increase in the presence of renal pathologic damage in both humans [5,16,17] and other animals [9,20]. Our previous studies [20] revealed that urinary NAG activity is also a sensitive marker of renal disease in cows, as well as in humans.…”

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Urinary Excretion of N-acetyl-.BETA.-D-Glucosaminidase and Its Isoenzymes in Cats with Urinary Disease.

et al. 2002

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ABSTRACT. The present study was designed to assess the clinical usefulness of measurement of urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity and its isoenzymes in cats with urinary disease. Thirty-five healthy cats and 9 cats with renal disease were used. Furthermore, a 5-year-old female cat was administered a large amount of sulfonamide in order to induce acute renal failure, and urine samples were collected for the assay of NAG activity and its isoenzymes. Urinary NAG activity was measured using p-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide, and expressed as units per gram of urinary creatinine (NAG index). Urinary NAG isoenzymes were assayed by use of the mini-column method and electrophoresis. The overall mean value of urinary NAG index in healthy cats was 1.6 ± 1.5 U/g. Urinary NAG index varied from 6.2 to 35.5 U/g in cats with chronic renal failure. There was no significant correlation between BUN, serum creatinine concentration and urinary NAG index. In cats with feline lower urinary tract disease, normal values of urinary NAG index were observed. In the urine samples of healthy cats, the proportions of NAG isoenzyme A (NAG-A) and isoenzyme B (NAG-B) were 79.1 ± 4.4 % and 21.0 ± 4.4 %, respectively, as assayed by the mini-column method. In the assay of NAG isoenzymes by electrophoresis, the proportions of NAG-A and NAG-B in healthy cats were 66.6 ± 5.8 % and 33.4 ± 5.8 % , respectively. The proportion of NAG-B as measured by electrophoresis was significantly larger (p<0.05) than that obtained with the mini column method. A feline case of acute renal failure experimentally-induced by sulfonamide showed elevation of urinary NAG index, NAG-A and NAG-B after injection of sulfonamide. The increase in NAG-B was larger than that of NAG-A. From the results reported here, measurement of urinary NAG and its isoenzymes seems to yield information about tubular damage at an early stage in cats with urinary disease. KEY WORDS: feline, isoenzyme, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), urinary disease, urine.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 64(4): 367-371, 2002 Urinary enzymes such as N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and β galactosidase have been used as indicators of renal diseases in humans [5]. Especially, urinary NAG activity has been reported to increase in the presence of renal pathologic damage in both humans [5,16,17] and other animals [9,20]. Our previous studies [20] revealed that urinary NAG activity is also a sensitive marker of renal disease in cows, as well as in humans. Uechi et al. [23] reported the circadian variation of urinary NAG in healthy cats. However, there is little information available about advantages of the measurement of urinary NAG excretion in clinical cases of cats with urinary diseases.NAG is known to exist as two types of isoenzymes, A and B (NAG-A and NAG-B), which are both present in the renal proximal tubular cells [3]. The proportion of NAG-B only accounts for 15-20% of urinary NAG in healthy humans and experimental animals [6,7,11,18]. In cases of renal damage, however, an increase in the prop...

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“…1.30), a lysosomal enzyme, is located predominantly in proximal renal tubules.l In recent years, its clinical significance as an indicator for the diagnosis and followup of the clinical course of various renal diseases and renal lesion has been emphasized. 2,3 NAGase activity has been determined colorimetrically using several chromogenic substrates, such as p-nitrophenyl 4, m-cresolsulfonphthaleinyl-5 and 2-methoxy-4-(2'-nitrovinyl)phenyl-N-acetyl-/3-D-glucosaminides. 6 However, the procedures for using these substrates involve endo-point assays which require the addition of an alkaline reagent in order to visualize the situation at the termination of the enzyme reaction.…”

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Novel Chromogenic Substrates for the Rate-Assay of N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase: Resorufinyl- and Resazurinyl-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminides

Kasai

Yamaji

1992

ANAL. SCI.

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Two novel 1V acetyl-/3-D-glucosaminides, resorufinyl-(1) and resazurinyl-N acetyl-13-D-glucosaminides (2), were synthesized by a coupling reaction of 1-chloro-l-deoxy-2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl-a-D-glucosamine with resorufin derivatives followed by deprotection of the sugar moiety. Compounds 1 and 2 were hydrolyzed by N-acetyl-/3-D-glucosaminidase to give products showing high absorbance at a long absorption wavelength (575 and 610 nm) under rate-assay conditions of a weakly acidic pH. Though these two compounds are considered to be potential chromogenic substrates, 1 is the more favorable substrate for the rate-assay of N-acetyl-13-D-glucosaminidase.

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The excretion of and β-galactosidase by patients with renal disease

Cited by 143 publications

References 4 publications

Clinical Availability of Urinary N-acetyl-.BETA.-D-Glucosaminidase Index in Dogs with Urinary Diseases.

Clinical Availability of Urinary N-acetyl-.BETA.-D-Glucosaminidase Index in Dogs with Urinary Diseases.

Urinary Excretion of N-acetyl-.BETA.-D-Glucosaminidase and Its Isoenzymes in Cats with Urinary Disease.

Novel Chromogenic Substrates for the Rate-Assay of N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase: Resorufinyl- and Resazurinyl-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminides

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