The Excretion of Glucuronic Acid and of Acid Mucopolysaccharides in Normal Human Urine 1

Kerby, Grace P.

doi:10.1172/jci102989

Cited by 76 publications

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References 11 publications

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“…The origin of the urinary glycosaminoglyeans is not unequivocally established. They have been shown not to derive to a significant degree from the lower urinary tract (Kerby, 1954). Admixture of glycosaminoglycans from the kidney cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

The nature of the non-ultrafilterable glycosaminoglycans of normal human urine

Wessler

1971

Biochemical Journal

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1. The non-ultrafilterable acidic glycosaminoglyeans from pooled urine ofnormal men, aged about 20, were isolated and characterized. The isolation procedure included digestion with sialidase and pronase, and fractionation by stepwise elution from an ECTEOLA-cellulose column. The glycosaminoglycans in each fraction were separated from each other by preparative electrophoresis in sodium barbital buffer and in barium acetate. 2. Approximate relative amounts of the different glycosaminoglycans were: chondroitin sulphate 60%, chondroitin 2%, hyaluronic acid 4%, dermatan sulphate 1%, heparan sulphate 15% and keratan sulphate 18%. Chondroitin sulphate-dermatan sulphate hybrids seemed to occur in trace amounts. 3. Chondroitin sulphate, heparan sulphate and keratan sulphate were heterogeneous with respect to degree of sulphation. Two distinct groups of chondroitin sulphate fractions were found, with sulphate/hexosamine molar ratios of about 0.5 and 1 respectively. The sulphate/hexosamine molar ratios in the heparan sulphate fractions varied from 0.5 to 0.9;theN-sulphate/hexosamineratiowas about 0.5 in all fractions. The sulphate/hexosamine molar ratios in the keratan sulphate fractions varied from 0.2 to 0.7.All of the types of glycosaminoglycan that occur in human tissues, with the exception of heparin, have also been found in normal urine (

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

The nature of the non-ultrafilterable glycosaminoglycans of normal human urine

Wessler

1971

Biochemical Journal

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“…Qualitative studies of the acid mnucopolysaccharides. Chromatographic studies were carried out by the same method as has been described previously (1) in studying urine fractions. Electrophoretic studies were done by the method of Pasternak and Kent (7), using versene-washed Whatman No.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Occurrence of Acid Mucopolysaccharides in Human Leukocytes and Urine 1

Kerby¹

1955

J. Clin. Invest.

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Acid mucopolysaccharides have been found in urine (1) but have not been consistently demonstrated in the blood of normal subjects. Bassiouni (2) recently isolated a substance from leukocytes which he noted to be similar to chondroitin sulfate. In our laboratory leukocytes have been found to contain appreciable quantities of a substance resembling chondroitin sulfate. A direct relationship between this substance and the similar substance found in the urine has not been established. METHODSSubjects. Human subjects were used. These were hospital and laboratory personnel and patients who were unselected except for the omission of individuals with primary hematologic, metabolic, or rheumatic diseases.Preparation of leukocytes. Siliconed needles, syringes, and glassware were used throughout the preparation until the step in which the cells were deliberately disintegrated. Venous blood (40 to 70 ml.) was drawn and distributed immediately in 10-ml. amounts to tubes containing 1.0 ml. of 5 per cent sodium citrate in a balanced salt solution.2 The red blood cells were sedimented rapidly by mixing 2.5 ml. of 5 per cent dextran with the blood in each tube.3 The supernatant leukocyte-platelet suspension in plasma was centrifuged at 85 g for 7 minutes, and the sedimented leukocytes were washed gently one time in 11.0 ml. of physiologic saline. Following recentrifuging, they were then pooled in 20 ml. of saline, counted, made up to 25 ml. with saline in process of transferring to a Raytheon Sonic Oscillator, and oscillated at 9 Kc. per second for 8 minutes.Isolation of acid mucopolysaccharides from leukocytes.

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“…Recently, hyaluronic acid has been isolated in a relatively large amount from the sera of two patients with reticulum cell sarcoma and neuroblastoma (19). Considering that urinary acid mucopolysaccharides are present in urine obtained from the renal pelvis (5) and that their average molecular weight is approximately 10,0008 (16), it appears correct to assume that the urinary material derives from the similar one present in plasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been found that in normal individuals the daily urinary excretion varies with age and sex (4,5). A few attempts have been made to correlate urinary excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides with different disease states.…”

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confidence: 99%

Urinary Excretion of Acid Mucopolysaccharides by Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis1

Ferrante¹

1957

J. Clin. Invest.

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Several methods have been described for the determination of urinary acid mucopolysaccharides (1-4). It has been found that in normal individuals the daily urinary excretion varies with age and sex (4,5). A few attempts have been made to correlate urinary excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides with different disease states. Craddock and Kerby (6) have reported that patients with impairment of renal function have a urinary excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides lower than that of normal individuals. They also found no significant differences between normal individuals and diabetic patients without renal involvement. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis Badin, Schubert, and Vouras (7) have demonstrated a high plasma concentration of acid mucopolysaccharides, but there have hitherto been no data available concerning their urinary excretion. This paper presents data on the urinary excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides by patients with rheumatoid arthritis and discusses the identity of the urinary acid mucopolysaccharides excreted in this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODThe study was performed on eight patients hospitalized for active rheumatoid arthritis. All of them showed a moderately elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, low-grade fever, involvement of several joints, and typical radiographic alterations. All patients were untreated when the urine collection was started. Two of them, however (M.G. and P.C.), discontinued treatment a few days before the urine collection was started. Urinary acid mucopolysaccharides were determined according to the method described by Di Ferrante and Rich (4), by which the urinary acid mucopolysaccharides are precipitated, from an aliquot of the 24-hour urine, with cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide. After removal of the precipitant the glucuronic acid content of the precipitate is determined. The results in Table I In five patients (P.C., B.E., E.E., W.J., and G.A.) the urinary excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides was measured both before and during periods of oral treatment with sodium salicylate.In order to collect an amount of urinary acid mucopolysaccharides sufficient for purification and analysis, 20 liters of pooled urine from patients with rheumatoid arthritis were adjusted to pH 5 with 2 N HCl, and 8 Gm. of cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide were added. After 24 hours at 00 C., the fine precipitate present was collected, by filtration under suction, on a thin layer of Hyflo super-cel. The cake of Hyflo super-cel was then washed in a 250-ml. centrifuge bottle with several 150-ml. aliquots of 95 per cent ethyl alcohol saturated in NaCl, until the supernatant obtained after centrifugation was colorless. The sediment was dried in a desiccator, under vacuum and in presence of paraffin chips, and then extracted three times with 30 ml. of distilled water. The aqueous extract was reprecipitated with three volumes of 95 per cent ethyl alcohol saturated in NaCl.After 24 hours at 00 C., the precipitate was collected by centrifugation, dissolved in 100 ml. of water and cleared of insolub...

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The Excretion of Glucuronic Acid and of Acid Mucopolysaccharides in Normal Human Urine 1

Cited by 76 publications

References 11 publications

The nature of the non-ultrafilterable glycosaminoglycans of normal human urine

The nature of the non-ultrafilterable glycosaminoglycans of normal human urine

The Occurrence of Acid Mucopolysaccharides in Human Leukocytes and Urine 1

Urinary Excretion of Acid Mucopolysaccharides by Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis1

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