The Extracorporeal Pump Filter—Saint or Sinner?

Heimbecker, R. O.; Robert, Annie; McKenzie, Francine

doi:10.1016/s0003-4975(10)64888-6

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Our present policy is to rely on the 100 it filter incorporated in the oxygenator and not to add an additional filter in the arterial line (Heimbecker et al, 1976). The use of filters is not the best way to circumvent the problem of microemboli from the heart-lung machine, and future developments must be directed to preventing the occurrence of emboli.…”

Section: Filtration Of Arterial Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral protection during open-heart surgery.

Åberg¹,

Kihlgren²

1977

Thorax

101

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Section: Filtration Of Arterial Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral protection during open-heart surgery.

Åberg¹,

Kihlgren²

1977

Thorax

101

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“…In all three groups the arterial line filter was used during the priming period of the extracorporeal circuit, in order to remove microemboli from the perfusate. 12, 13 3 Thereafter the filter was excluded from the extracorporeal circuit in Groups 2 and 3. In all extracorporeal circuits a 27 micron blood filter was incorporated in the venous outlet of the cardiotomy reservoir (Bentley model Q 220-F, Bentley Lab., Irvine, California, USA).14 In all cases the circuits were primed with crystalloid solutions,15 and hypothermic low flow perfusion (2-4 1/m2/min) was performed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet damage and haemolysis during bubble oxygenator perfusion with and without arterial line filter, compared to membrane oxygenator perfusion

et al. 1987

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We determined to what extent a 27 micron depth filter (Bentley Polyfilter bypass blood filter PF427, Bentley Lab., Irvine, California, USA) in the arterial line of a bubble oxygenator (BO) system is responsible for the difference in haemocompatibility between this BO system and a membrane oxygenator (MO) system in which no arterial line filter is used. We studied three groups of patients subjected to long perfusions of approximately three hours: BO perfusion with ( n = 8) and without ( n = 8) the arterial line filter and MO perfusion ( n = 10) without filter. Platelet and erythrocyte damage were evaluated at seven sampling points during perfusion. Also pre-and postoperative bleeding times and postoperative blood loss and blood transfusions up to 18 hours after perfusion were determined.We found that the 27 micron depth filter in the arterial line impairs the haemocompatibility of the BO only to a small extent; the MO remains haematologically superior over the BO even when the arterial line filter is absent from the BO circuit. I ntroductionAn arterial line filter is recommended for cardiopulmonary bypasses with a bubble oxygenator (BO), because a BO system produces a considerable amount of microemboli.1-5 However, an arterial line filter induces turbulences and high shear stresses by the microfenestrations, by which platelets and erythrocytes are damaged. 1. 2. 5-8 Furthermore this effect of the arterial line filter is in particular pronounced during long perfusions of over two hours and during high flow rates.' Therefore it might add to the impaired haemocompatibility of the BO system. Because a membrane oxygenator (MO) produces much fewer microemboli than a BO, 1.2,5 s one might argue that the haematological superiority of the MO system is supported by the fact that the BO system requires an arterial line filter which may have haematological side effects.

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“…B. Riley, 9210 Golden Oaks West, Indianapolis, IN 46260 tree and possibly the cerebral microcirculation. 11 Transient neurological deficits and cerebral infarction occur less frequently with the use of arterial line filtration but are nonetheless a problem associated with embolic events generated by replacement of the heart and lungs with artificial organs during CPB. 9 -12 Modern ECC components are being designed to minimize the amount and risk of GME produced.…”

Section: Introduction _____________ _mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of a Heparin Coated and a Non-Coated ECC Arterial Line Blood Filter

Justison,

Lewis,

Hamilton

et al. 1986

J Extra Corpor Technol

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Two groups of five heparin coated (American Bentley AF 1040C) and non-coated (Gish Biomedical, Inc. AFS 40) ECC arterial line filters were compared In Vitro for pressure drop, debubbling time, air separating ability and clinically for blood handling ability. After CO2 flush and following Directions for Use, the debubbling time for the AF 1040C was 178 ± 11 sec. (1 S.D.) and 183 ± 29 sec. for the AFS 40. The preparation times were not significantly different and were confirmed by doppler. The AFS 40 exhibited a resistance to blood flow approximately 68% of the AF 1040C resistance. In the 11-40 micron range, the AFS 40 performed as a significantly better bubble trap during crystalloid recirculation after debubbling. With blood prime, the AFS 40 appeared to be a better bubble trap. However, both filters pass equal numbers of 80 micron bubbles when challenged with a 200 ml·min−1 stream of air at 5·L·min−1 blood flow. Platelet loss, hemolysis index, and white cell counts showed no significant difference in the clinical comparison. Other studies have suggested that heparin coating facilitates filter preparation and have demonstrated clinical equivalency with non-coated filters. The AFS 40 and the AF 1040C appear to be clinically equivalent. The AFS 40 is a better bubble trap under normal ECC blood flow conditions.

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The Extracorporeal Pump Filter—Saint or Sinner?

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

Cerebral protection during open-heart surgery.

Cerebral protection during open-heart surgery.

Platelet damage and haemolysis during bubble oxygenator perfusion with and without arterial line filter, compared to membrane oxygenator perfusion

A Comparison of a Heparin Coated and a Non-Coated ECC Arterial Line Blood Filter

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