The Eye of Crab-Eating Fox (Cerdocyon Thous): Anatomical Characteristics and Normative Values of Selected Diagnostic Tests, Morphometry of Corneal Tissue, and Arrangements of Corneal Stromal Collagen Fibers

Renzo, Roberta; Aldrovani, Marcela; Crivelaro, Roberta Martins; Thiesen, Roberto; Sobrinho, Alexandre Augusto Franchi de Barros; Silveira, Camila Pinho Balthazar da; García, Ana Isabel Reinoso; Campos, Gabrielle C. S.; Werther, Karin; Laus, José Luiz

doi:10.1638/2018-0129

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Radinsky [40] writes in his study that the South African Painted Dogs has the same number of chromosomes and similar neuroanatomy as the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris). Unfortunately there are fewer studies concerning the exact orbit and eye anatomy or studies in the fied of veterinary opthalmology in canines of the Atelocynus, Cuon, Cerdocyon [21,41,42], Chrysocyon [41,43] Dusicyon, Lycalopex, Nyctereutes, Otocyon, Speothos, Urocyon, and Vulpes genus than of the Canis genus (and the Canis lupus familairis in particular). Hence, the presented results significantly expand the existing knowledge on comparative anatomy in the orbit, eye and chosen accessory organs in wild Canidae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histological studies revealed that the anterior corneal epthelium in the South African Painted Dogs females was covered by a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium consisting of 9-12 rows of cells. In the crab-eating fox there were four to five cell rows, while in the domestic dogs there were six to nine cell rows [42,48]. In the Canis lupus there were 10 cellular layers, in the Canis dingo there were six to 8 cellular layers, while in the Vulpex corsac there were five to seven cell rows [49].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…lupus) [45]. It was vertically slit-shaped in the crab-eating fox and European red fox (Vulpes vulpes) [41,42,45]. Banks et al [46] and Malmström and Kröger [45] suggested that the pupil shape and size is associated with an ecological niche occupied by a given species, hence its adaptation to multifocal optical systems and whether they are "predators" or "prey" (for herbivores (preys) animals, daytime predators and as in the nocturnal predators, diurnal-nocturnal predators and crepuscular vertebrates in order to reach maximum light-gathering ability).…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical and morphometric evaluation of the orbit, eye tunics, eyelids and orbital glands of the captive females of the South African painted dog (Lycaon pictus pictus Temminck, 1820) (Caniformia: Canidae)

Paszta

Klećkowska‐Nawrot

Goździewska‐Harłajczuk

2021

PLoS ONE

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In this study, we present the first data concerning the anatomical, morphometrical, histological and histochemical study of the orbit, eye tunics, eyelids and orbital glands in South African Painted Dogs (Lycaon pictus pictus). The study was performed using eyeball morphometry, analysis of the bony orbit including its morphometry, macroscopic study, morphometry, histological examination of the eye tunics and chosen accessory organs of the eye and histochemical analysis. The orbit was funnel shaped and was open-type. There was a single ethmoid opening for the ethmoid nerve on the orbital lamina. The pupil was round, while the ciliary body occupied a relatively wide zone. The iris was brown and retina had a pigmented area. The cellular tapetum lucidum was semi-circular and milky and was composed of 14–17 layers of tapetal cells arranged in a bricklike structure. In the lower eyelid, there was a single conjunctival lymph nodule aggregate. One or two additional large conjunctval folds were observed within the posterior surface of the upper eyelids. The superficial gland of the third eyelid had a serous nature. The third eyelid was T-shaped and was composed of hyaline tissue. Two to three conjunctival lymph nodul aggregates were present within the bulbar conjunctiva of the third eyelid. The lacrimal gland produced a sero-mucous secretion. A detailed anatomic analysis of the eye area in the captive South African Painted Dogs females showed the similarities (especially in the histological examination of the eyetunics and orbital glands) as well as the differences between the Painted dog and the other representatives of Canidae. The differences included the shape and size od the orbita with comparison to the domestic dog. Such differences in the orbit measurements are most likely associated with the skull type, which are defined in relation to domestic dogs. The presented results significantly expand the existing knowledge on comparative anatomy in the orbit, eye and chosen accessory organs in wild Canidae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Anatomical and morphometric evaluation of the orbit, eye tunics, eyelids and orbital glands of the captive females of the South African painted dog (Lycaon pictus pictus Temminck, 1820) (Caniformia: Canidae)

Paszta

Klećkowska‐Nawrot

Goździewska‐Harłajczuk

2021

PLoS ONE

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Birefringence Analyses Reveal Differences in Supramolecular Characteristics of Corneal Stromal Collagen Fibrils Between Falconiformes and Strigiformes

Aldrovani

Pereira

Tinasi

et al. 2021

Integrative and Comparative Biology

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This study aimed to assess the birefringent properties of corneal stromal collagen fibrils in birds of the orders Falconiformes (diurnal) and Strigiformes (predominantly nocturnal) to compare their supramolecular organizations. Twenty-two corneas of Falconiformes (Caracara plancus, n = 8; Rupornis magnirostris, n = 10; and Falco sparverius, n = 4) and 28 of Strigiformes (Tyto furcata, n = 16; Pseudoscops clamator, n = 6; and Athene cunicularia, n = 6) were processed histotechnically into 8 μm thick sections. Corneal optical retardation values related to the form and intrinsic fractions of the total birefringence of collagen fibrils were measured using a polarized light microscope equipped with phase compensators. In addition, the coherence coefficients that inform the local orientation of the fibrils were calculated through video image analysis. All assessments were conducted both in the anterior and posterior stroma of the cornea. Differences were significant when p < 0.05. The results showed supraorganizational differences between fibrils in the anterior stroma of Falconiformes and Strigiformes. The optical retardation values were greater (p < 0.0001) for Falconiformes, indicating that the corneas of these birds contain more collagen fibrils or more aggregated collagen fibrils. In contrast, the coherence coefficients were higher (p = 0.016) for Strigiformes, indicating that the collagen fibers in these birds are highly aligned and have few undulations. A multivariate data matrix constructed for Euclidean distance calculations showed that the dissimilarity between Falconiformes and Strigiformes corneas, in terms of the supraorganization of stromal collagen fibrils, was 4.56%. In conclusion, it is possible that the supraorganizational differences reported in this study may be sources of variation in the visual quality of Falconiformes and Strigiformes. This study provides the necessary evidence to encourage further research associating corneal optical performance to supramolecular characteristics of corneal stromal collagen.

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Morphology and Histology of the Orbital Region and Eye of the Asiatic Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus)—Similarities and Differences within the Caniformia Suborder

Paszta

Goździewska‐Harłajczuk

Klećkowska‐Nawrot

2022

Animals

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In this study, we present first data concerning the morphological observations of the orbital region, eye tunics, upper and lower eyelids, superficial gland of the third eyelid with the third eyelid, and lacrimal gland in captive adult male Asiatic black bear. The following research methods were used in the work: the eyeball morphometry, the orbital region description, macroscopic description, morphometric and histological analysis of the eye tunics and selected the accessory organs of the eye (Fontana–Masson, hematoxylin & eosin (H&E), Methyl-green-pyronin Y (MGP Y), Movat pentachrome, and picro-Mallory trichrome) as well as histochemical examination (PAS, AB pH 1.0, AB pH 2.5, AB pH 2.5/PAS and HDI). The eyeball of the Asiatic black bear was a spherical shape, while the periorbita was funnel/conical-shaped and the eye socket was of the open type. The cornea was absent of the Bowman’s membrane similar to all domestic dogs and some wild dogs. There were palisades of Vogt in the corneal limbus epithelium similar to the Canidae. Degenerative choroidal tapetum lucidum similar to ranch mink (Mustelidae) has been found. The pupil was big and round in shape. The ciliary muscle, dilatator and sphincter muscle were well developed, similar to the pinnipeds. The lens was biconvex round, similar to the Canidae. The retina was composed similarly to the diurnal terrestrial carnivores. In both eyelids were observed very well-developed tarsal glands, ciliary glands and sebaceous glands. The orbital zone in the eyelids was characterized by lymphoid follicles, diffuse lymphocytes and specialized high endothelial venules. In the anterior palpebral margin of the upper eyelid, soft and short eyelashes were observed, while in the lower eyelids they were absent. The third eyelid was T-shaped and composed of the hyaline tissue, and it contained CALT, similar to that in Canidae. The superficial gland of the third eyelid was a multilobar alveolar branched complex with seromucous nature, while the lacrimal gland was also a multilobar acinar branched complex gland, but producing a mucous–serous secretion. The results of our research indicate that the features of the anatomy of the eye and orbital region in Asiatic black bear are also typical of the Ursidae family. Moreover, a detailed analysis of the morphological eye region may be useful in comparative studies and veterinary diagnostics in this bear species.

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The Eye of Crab-Eating Fox (Cerdocyon Thous): Anatomical Characteristics and Normative Values of Selected Diagnostic Tests, Morphometry of Corneal Tissue, and Arrangements of Corneal Stromal Collagen Fibers

Cited by 3 publications

References 59 publications

Anatomical and morphometric evaluation of the orbit, eye tunics, eyelids and orbital glands of the captive females of the South African painted dog (Lycaon pictus pictus Temminck, 1820) (Caniformia: Canidae)

Anatomical and morphometric evaluation of the orbit, eye tunics, eyelids and orbital glands of the captive females of the South African painted dog (Lycaon pictus pictus Temminck, 1820) (Caniformia: Canidae)

Birefringence Analyses Reveal Differences in Supramolecular Characteristics of Corneal Stromal Collagen Fibrils Between Falconiformes and Strigiformes

Morphology and Histology of the Orbital Region and Eye of the Asiatic Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus)—Similarities and Differences within the Caniformia Suborder

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