The trade in materials of cellulosic origin, such as paper, cardboard and others, has shown significant growth in many countries, mainly because they are used as packaging coatings and other forms of reuse, fundamentals of reverse logistics. In this sense, this work aimed to analyze the challenges that a private cardboard recycling company faces to fulfill its organizational mission in the city of Manaus, capital of the state of Amazonas. For this, it followed the steps foreseen in the scientific-technological method. Data were collected through a script of interviews and an observation protocol, organized and analyzed with the help of semantic analysis techniques, identifying central terms of the responses collected by interviews and compared with the observed data; the results were generated with triangulation techniques of the answers obtained with the two instruments and interpreted in a comparative way with the theoretical framework of reference. The results showed that a) the company contributes to environmental preservation through the correct destination of materials and cleaning of public places, b) these contributions are made through obedience to legal procedures, c) its challenges are to have access to all customers industrial and residential areas and make the population aware of the importance of environmental preservation; d) population and governments are the agents that can help overcome these challenges through e) awareness of the importance of sustainability (population) empowering and making the population put sustainability into practice (government). The conclusion shows that, albeit slowly, there is a tendency to increase this desired awareness.