Based on a review of major scientific papers, the author describes the most discussed social and humanitarian aspects of Outer Space exploration. The author analyzes the following aspects of Outer Space activities: Outer Space exploration as a resource for solving social, economic, environmental and other global problems of mankind; the emergence and formation of Outer Space anthropology; the national dimension of Outer Space exploration; problems of legal regulation and international relations in the field of Outer Space exploration; the formation of the Outer Space economy.