The fast pyrotechnic reaction of silicon and red lead: heats of reaction and rates of burning

AI-Kazraji, Sabeh S.; Rees, Gwilym J.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(79)90238-2

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Several techniques are available; each with its own shortcomings with regard to safety, accuracy, physical alteration to-and even destruction of the sample. One method employs a timer that starts upon the firing of an igniter and stops when light emitted from the end of the element triggers a photoelectric cell [1]. It was implemented industrially for testing fully assembled detonators [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Modelling of Pyrotechnic Time Delay Burning Rates: Method and Model Development

Montgomery

Focke

Kelly

2017

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The burning rates of a slow reacting Mn + Sb 2 O 3 and a fast reacting Si + Pb 3 O 4 time delay composition, filled into lead tubes, were measured with an infrared camera, with two thermocouples and in the form of a fully assembled detonator. The infrared camera method returned values that were on average about 12 % lower than those recorded for the detonators. The temperature profiles measured for the slow burning elements were fully developed, whereas those obtained for the fast burning Si + Pb 3 O 4 elements were not. A numerical model was developed to simulate the Mn + Sb 2 O 3 system. Kinetic parameters were determined by least square fits to the recorded surface temperature profiles. The model made it possible to determine the effect of various property variations on the burning rate. The thermal conductivity of the delay composition was found to have the smallest impact and the heat of reaction the largest effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Modelling of Pyrotechnic Time Delay Burning Rates: Method and Model Development

Montgomery

Focke

Kelly

2017

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…The calorific value is determined experimentally using a calorimeter. Calorific values for different types of pyrotechnic compositions have been reported in the literature [8][9][10][11]. Different types of igniter compositions, such as B/KNO 3 , Zr/KClO 4 , Zr/BaCrO 4 , and Fe 2 O 3 /Al, are commonly used in igniters [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Propellant Chargementioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Study of High Energy Igniter/Booster Pyrotechnic Compositions for Impulse Cartridges

Khan¹

2017

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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In order to suitably initiate an impulse cartridge and to get the desired peak pressure, high energy igniter and booster pyrotechnic compositions may be required. Studies were undertaken to develop different types of high energy igniter and booster pyrotechnic compositions comprising B/KNO3, Zr/KClO4 and Pb(SCN)2/KClO3 as igniter compositions, and B/Mg/KClO4/Bi2O3 and B/Mg/KClO4 as booster compositions. Different ratios of fuels and oxidizers were studied in order to determine the best igniter and booster compositions. The measurement of the calorific values for the igniter and the booster compositions, along with safety tests of the igniter compositions, were performed. The pattern of calorific values observed for the igniter and booster compositions under study were B/KNO3 > Zr/KClO4 > Pb(SCN)2/KClO3 and B/Mg/KClO4 > B/Mg/KClO4/Bi2O3, respectively. The newly-developed high energy igniter compositions passed all of the safety tests. Both igniter and booster compositions were also subjected to functional tests in an impulse cartridge. The functional tests were intended for the determination of peak pressure and time to peak pressure. These high energy igniter and booster compositions increased the peak pressure by 8.3% and reduced the time to peak pressure by 14.3% for an impulse cartridge in a closed chamber of volume 230 cm 3 . The consequence of this research work is that the best combination of igniter and booster compositions in terms of safety, calorific values and cartridge functionality are Zr/KClO4 (40/60) and B/Mg/KClO4 (30/10/60), respectively.

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“…The composition passed carefully through -212 mesh sieves by using Haver test shaker EML 200 to get grain size of ≤ 65 µm. [14,15]. Then the grains dried for eight hours at 80 °C to remove the water/moisture.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Experimental Investigation on Delay Time Consistency of Modified Si/PbO/Pb3O4/FG Pyrotechnic Delay Composition

Khan¹,

Lodhi²,

Malik³

2017

Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res.

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In the present study, experimental investigation was carried out on the delay time consistency of modified Si/PbO/Pb3O4/FG pyrotechnic delay composition in a delay tube. Where Si is the fuel, PbO/Pb3O4 are oxidizers and Fish Glue (FG) is the binder. Ingredient mixing and loading pressure were studied. Results revealed that homogenous mixing of the delay composition is a very critical parameter for controlling the time consistency of pyrotechnic delay composition. The delay time accuracy was improved from 25% to about 7.42% by ensuring homogenous mixing of the ingredients. Results also show that loading pressure ranged from 30,000 to 65,000 psi did not affect much the delay time of this pyrotechnic composition and the burning rate.

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The fast pyrotechnic reaction of silicon and red lead: heats of reaction and rates of burning

Cited by 26 publications

References 2 publications

Measurement and Modelling of Pyrotechnic Time Delay Burning Rates: Method and Model Development

Measurement and Modelling of Pyrotechnic Time Delay Burning Rates: Method and Model Development

Development and Study of High Energy Igniter/Booster Pyrotechnic Compositions for Impulse Cartridges

Development and Experimental Investigation on Delay Time Consistency of Modified Si/PbO/Pb3O4/FG Pyrotechnic Delay Composition

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