The Fate of LAS in the Environment“

Berná, José; Ferrer, J.; Moreno, A.; Prats, Daniel; Beviá, Francisco Ruiz

doi:10.1515/tsd-1989-260211

Cited by 130 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Berna et al reported an LCA for petroleum LAS production but did not include end of life (EoL) processes or their emissions . The fate of petroleum LAS at its EoL (e.g., wastewater treatment) was also studied previously by Berna et al, and we assume that renewable LAS degrades identically to petroleum LAS for the study reported here …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…We do not include in this LCA the inputs to WWT because the allocation of these inputs to LAS versus other components of wastewater are the same for both petroleum and renewable LAS. One study covering nine sewage treatment facilities and three different design systems indicates that approximately 98% of LAS is mineralized to CO 2 during WWT and application of sludge to land, while 2% is sequestered in the soil after being applied to fields . Consistent with IPCC, and with EPA and EU RED legislation, biogenic carbon is assumed to be carbon neutral, and therefore, the EoL emissions for renewable LAS do not count toward the carbon footprint from the LAS degradation, only from the fossil-derived benzene ring portion of the molecule.…”

Section: Lca Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sensitivity of the greenhouse gas emissions to the fate of LAS at the EoL was examined for the mass allocation base case. According to Berna et al, between 90% and 99.5% of the spent LAS is mineralized to CO 2 , with the most likely value of 98%, which was used in the base case . At 90% of carbon mineralized to CO 2 , palm and coconut LAS increase in savings from 46.2% and 47.3% (Table ) to 48.8% and 50%, respectively.…”

Section: Lca Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study covering nine sewage treatment facilities and three different design systems indicates that approximately 98% of LAS is mineralized to CO 2 during WWT and application of sludge to land, while 2% is sequestered in the soil after being applied to fields. 8 Consistent with IPCC, and with EPA and EU RED legislation, biogenic carbon is assumed to be carbon neutral, and therefore, the EoL emissions for renewable LAS do not count toward the carbon footprint from the LAS degradation, only from the fossil-derived benzene ring portion of the molecule. In contrast, the petroleum surfactant's EoL emissions must include all carbon dioxide emitted due to degradation.…”

Section: ■ Lca Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 The fate of petroleum LAS at its EoL (e.g., wastewater treatment) was also studied previously by Berna et al, and we assume that renewable LAS degrades identically to petroleum LAS for the study reported here. 8 The research objectives of this study are to (i) conduct a life cycle carbon footprint (LCCF) of petroleum LAS using updated LAS production inputs provided by UOP LLC, (ii) conduct an original LCCF of renewable LAS in which the paraffin group of LAS is from coconut oil (CO) or palm kernel oil (PKO) and the benzene is from petroleum, (iii) include in the LCA emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) generated during end of life (EoL) wastewater treatment, and (iv) estimate the magnitude of direct land use change emissions of GHGs due to cultivation of coconut and palm in the Asia− Pacific region of the world using an IPCC method.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life Cycle Carbon Footprint of Linear Alkylbenzenesulfonate from Coconut Oil, Palm Kernel Oil, and Petroleum-Based Paraffins

Fogliatti

Kemppainen

Kalnes

et al. 2014

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Beyond renewable liquid transportation fuels from biomass feedstocks, there is great interest to use renewable feedstocks for sustainable chemical production. The goal of this study is to conduct an original cradle-to-grave carbon footprint for linear alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) using petroleum, coconut oil, and palm kernel oil derived paraffins, and including end of life emissions during wastewater treatment. The fully petroleum pathway to LAS was modeled using new inputs from industry (UOP). Mass allocation and energy allocation methodologies were both examined. We found that the greenhouse gas emissions from the production of LAS can be reduced between 45 and 50% by replacing petroleum based paraffins with coconut or palm kernel oil derived paraffins. End of life emissions of CO2 during biodegradation in wastewater treatment was a major contributor to and differentiator of emissions in the carbon footprint. Direct land use change (dLUC) emissions of CO2 were modeled using the IPCC method and were found to decrease life cycle emissions by at most 12% when either grasslands or shrublands are converted to either coconut or palm plantations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Lca Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lca Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Lca Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Life Cycle Carbon Footprint of Linear Alkylbenzenesulfonate from Coconut Oil, Palm Kernel Oil, and Petroleum-Based Paraffins

Fogliatti

Kemppainen

Kalnes

et al. 2014

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Sulfonic Acids

Tully

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Tully, Paul S. (Stepan Co.). Organic sulfonic acids having the formula RSO 3 H are described herein. Typical R‐groups are derived from organic radicals based on alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and arenes. These groups may contain a wide variety of secondary functionalities. A wide variety of sulfonic acids and their derivatives are used industrially on a large scale in the manufacture of surfactants, dyes, inks, dispersing agents, and polymers. Those sulfonic acids that find broad application as catalysts in both alkylation processes and general organic reactions are also disclosed. More esoteric applications in the areas of custom organic syntheses and biological research involving sulfonic acid is described, as is the environmental fate of linear alkylbenzenesulfonic acid and its sulfonates.

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LAS (Lineares Alkylbenzolsulfonat)

Litz

2004

Bodengefährdende Stoffe: Bewertung ‐ Stoffdaten ‐ Ökotoxikologie ‐ Sanierung

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LAS (CAS‐Nr.: 68411‐30‐3, auch Benzolsulfonsäure, C 10‐13‐Alkylderivate, Natriumsalze) wird üblicherweise (in Europa) mit einer Alkyllänge von 10‐13 Kohlenstoffatomen verwendet; in USA mit einer Alkyllänge von 10‐14 Kohlenstoffatomen. Es ist ein Stoffgemisch, das sich aus bis zu 4 bzw. 5 Alkylketten‐Homologen zusammensetzt. LAS wird weltweit in Mengen von 2 Mio. t hauptsächlich als Wasch‐ und Reinigungsmittel verbraucht und über Abwässer in die Umwelt eingetragen. LAS ist im Boden mäßig persistent und besitzt eine mittlere bis hohe Ökotoxizität. Aufgrund der hohen Wasserlöslichkeit und der Eigenschaft, die Mobilität von Schwermetallen, im Boden zu erhöhen, sollten Anreicherungen vermieden und überwacht werden.

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The Fate of LAS in the Environment“

Cited by 130 publications

References 0 publications

Life Cycle Carbon Footprint of Linear Alkylbenzenesulfonate from Coconut Oil, Palm Kernel Oil, and Petroleum-Based Paraffins

Life Cycle Carbon Footprint of Linear Alkylbenzenesulfonate from Coconut Oil, Palm Kernel Oil, and Petroleum-Based Paraffins

Sulfonic Acids

LAS (Lineares Alkylbenzolsulfonat)

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